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Antisaccade deficit is present in young first-episode patients with schizophrenia but not in their healthy young siblings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2007

O. M. de Wilde ,
L. Bour ,
P. Dingemans ,
T. Boerée  and
D. Linszen
O. M. de Wilde*
Affiliation:
Adolescent Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
L. Bour
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
P. Dingemans
Affiliation:
Adolescent Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
T. Boerée
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
D. Linszen
Affiliation:
Adolescent Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
*
*Address for correspondence: O. M. de Wilde, M.A., Tafelbergweg 25, 1105 BC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. (Email: o.dewilde@amc.uva.nl)
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Abstract

Background

Results of studies on antisaccade (AS) deficit in relatives of patients with schizophrenia are inconclusive. We hypothesized that AS performance in siblings of patients with schizophrenia is worse than in healthy controls and better than in patients with schizophrenia.

Method

We included 55 first-episode patients with schizophrenia, 28 healthy siblings and 36 healthy controls to evaluate AS performance. Eye movements were measured electromagnetically by the double magnetic induction (DMI) method.

Results

Patients with schizophrenia had a significantly higher error rate than siblings (d=0.86, p<0.0001) and controls (d=1.35, p<0.0001). Siblings had a higher mean error rate than healthy controls but this did not reach significance (d=0.56, p=0.29). The intra-class correlation (ICC) was 0.33 for the error rate. Mean AS gain was higher in siblings than in patients (d=0.75, p=0.004) and controls (d=0.6, p=0.05). The ICC was 0.08.

Conclusion

AS parameters in strictly screened healthy young siblings of young first-episode patients with schizophrenia are comparable to results found in studies investigating older relatives. However, the statistical results (i.e. the ICCs) suggest that there is little evidence of shared environmental or genetic factors on error rate variation.

Keywords

Antisaccadesbiological markerrelativesschizophrenia
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 38 , Issue 6 , June 2008 , pp. 871 - 875
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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