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The development of anxiety disorders in childhood: an integrative review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

L. Murray ,
C. Creswell  and
P. J. Cooper
L. Murray*
Affiliation:
Winnicott Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
C. Creswell
Affiliation:
Winnicott Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
P. J. Cooper
Affiliation:
Winnicott Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
*
*Address for correspondence: Professor L. Murray, Winnicott Research Unit, School of Psychology, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AL, UK. (Email: lynne.murray@reading.ac.uk)
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Abstract

We present an integrative review of the development of child anxiety, drawing on a number of strands of research. Family aggregation and genetic studies indicate raised vulnerability to anxiety in offspring of adults with the disorder (e.g. the temperamental style of behavioural inhibition, or information processing biases). Environmental factors are also important; these include adverse life events and exposure to negative information or modelling. Parents are likely to be key, although not unique, sources of such influences, particularly if they are anxious themselves. Some parenting behaviours associated with child anxiety, such as overprotection, may be elicited by child characteristics, especially in the context of parental anxiety, and these may serve to maintain child disorder. Emerging evidence emphasizes the importance of taking the nature of child and parental anxiety into account, of constructing assessments and interventions that are both disorder specific, and of considering bidirectional influences.

Keywords

Anxietybehavioural inhibitionchilddevelopmentparenting
Type
Review Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 39 , Issue 9 , September 2009 , pp. 1413 - 1423
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 Cambridge University Press

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