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The dissociation of explicit and implicit memory in depressed patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

N. Bazin ,
P. Perruchet ,
M. De Bonis  and
A. Féline
N. Bazin*
Affiliation:
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bicêtre; CNRS – Université de Bourgogne; CNRS – Université Paris XI, UFR Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
P. Perruchet
Affiliation:
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bicêtre; CNRS – Université de Bourgogne; CNRS – Université Paris XI, UFR Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
M. De Bonis
Affiliation:
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bicêtre; CNRS – Université de Bourgogne; CNRS – Université Paris XI, UFR Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
A. Féline
Affiliation:
Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bicêtre; CNRS – Université de Bourgogne; CNRS – Université Paris XI, UFR Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Nadine Bazin, Service de Psychiatrie, CHG Lagny – Marne la Vallée, 31 Avenue de G. Leclerc, 77405 Lagny sur Marne, France.
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Synopsis

Twenty-three in-patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder were submitted to a standard cued recall test, and to a word-stem completion test devised to assess the effect of the initial presentation without the explicit retrieval of the words being necessary. Results show that depressed patients are impaired on the cued recall task in comparison with controls matched for sex, age, and educational level. However, the two groups do not differ in the word-stem completion task. This dissociation between explicit and implicit expressions of memory disappeared when patients recovered, although they were still hospitalized and under psychotropic medication. These results are examined in the light of the distinction between effortful and automatic processes.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , February 1994 , pp. 239 - 245
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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