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DSM-5 disruptive mood dysregulation disorder: correlates and predictors in young children

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2014

L. R. Dougherty ,
V. C. Smith ,
S. J. Bufferd ,
G. A. Carlson ,
A. Stringaris ,
E. Leibenluft  and
D. N. Klein
L. R. Dougherty*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
V. C. Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
S. J. Bufferd
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
G. A. Carlson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
A. Stringaris
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
E. Leibenluft
Affiliation:
Bipolar Spectrum Disorders, Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
D. N. Klein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
*
* Address for correspondence: L. R. Dougherty, Ph.D., Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. (Email: ldougher@umd.edu)
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Abstract

Background

Despite the inclusion of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) in DSM-5, little empirical data exist on the disorder. We estimated rates, co-morbidity, correlates and early childhood predictors of DMDD in a community sample of 6-year-olds.

Method

DMDD was assessed in 6-year-old children (n = 462) using a parent-reported structured clinical interview. Age 6 years correlates and age 3 years predictors were drawn from six domains: demographics; child psychopathology, functioning, and temperament; parental psychopathology; and the psychosocial environment.

Results

The 3-month prevalence rate for DMDD was 8.2% (n = 38). DMDD occurred with an emotional or behavioral disorder in 60.5% of these children. At age 6 years, concurrent bivariate analyses revealed associations between DMDD and depression, oppositional defiant disorder, the Child Behavior Checklist – Dysregulation Profile, functional impairment, poorer peer functioning, child temperament (higher surgency and negative emotional intensity and lower effortful control), and lower parental support and marital satisfaction. The age 3 years predictors of DMDD at age 6 years included child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, the Child Behavior Checklist – Dysregulation Profile, poorer peer functioning, child temperament (higher child surgency and negative emotional intensity and lower effortful control), parental lifetime substance use disorder and higher parental hostility.

Conclusions

A number of children met DSM-5 criteria for DMDD, and the diagnosis was associated with numerous concurrent and predictive indicators of emotional and behavioral dysregulation and poor functioning.

Keywords

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorderearly childhoodpredictors
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 44 , Issue 11 , August 2014 , pp. 2339 - 2350
Creative Commons
Parts of this are a work of the U.S. Government and not subject to copyright protection in the United States.
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014

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