Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T22:39:40.579Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Extremely preterm birth and adolescent mental health in a geographical cohort born in the 1990s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 August 2013

A. Burnett ,
C. G. Davey ,
S. J. Wood ,
M. Wilson-Ching ,
C. Molloy ,
J. L. Y. Cheong ,
L. W. Doyle  and
P. J. Anderson
A. Burnett*
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia School of Psychological Sciences and Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne, Australia
C. G. Davey
Affiliation:
Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
S. J. Wood
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Australia
M. Wilson-Ching
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
C. Molloy
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
J. L. Y. Cheong
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Australia
L. W. Doyle
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Australia Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
P. J. Anderson
Affiliation:
Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Premature Infant Follow-up Program, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
*
* Address for correspondence: Dr A. Burnett, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia. (Email: alice.burnett@mcri.edu.au)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Preterm birth confers risk for poor outcome, including mental health problems. Survival of extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks' gestation) or extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1000 g) infants increased in the 1990s but psychiatric outcomes in older adolescents born preterm since 1990 are not well documented. This study aimed to characterize mental health and personality traits in a prospective geographical cohort of adolescents born EP/ELBW in Victoria, Australia in 1991 and 1992.

Method

At age 18 years, 215 EP/ELBW and 157 normal birthweight (>2499 g) control adolescents completed the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, Axis 1 Non-Patient version (SCID-I/NP), the Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes (ChIPS) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) module, and questionnaires assessing recent depression and anxiety symptoms and personality traits.

Results

ADHD prevalence was significantly elevated in EP/ELBW adolescents compared with controls [15% v. 7%; odds ratio (OR) 2.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–6.58]. Aside from ADHD, however, EP/ELBW and control adolescents reported very similar outcomes, with other lifetime diagnoses identified in 23% of EP/ELBW and 21% of controls. These were predominantly mood and anxiety disorders (21% EP/ELBW, 20% controls). The groups did not differ in recent depression or anxiety symptoms assessed using questionnaires, and personality traits were also similar.

Conclusions

ADHD was more prevalent in EP/ELBW adolescents than controls, which is consistent with some, but not all, reports on preterm survivors born before the 1990s, and younger preterm children born in the 1990s. The high rates of anxiety and mood disorders were similar in both groups, and comparable with population-based estimates.

Keywords

Adolescentdiagnosislow birthweightpreterm birthpsychiatric
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 44 , Issue 7 , May 2014 , pp. 1533 - 1544
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aarnoudse-Moens, CSH, Weisglas-Kuperus, N, van Goudoever, JB, Oosterlaan, J (2009). Meta-analysis of neurobehavioral outcomes in very preterm and/or very low birth weight children. Pediatrics 124, 717–728.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abel, KM, Wicks, S, Susser, ES, Dalman, C, Pedersen, MG, Mortensen, PB, Webb, RT (2010). Birth weight, schizophrenia, and adult mental disorder: is risk confined to the smallest babies? Archives of General Psychiatry 67, 923–930.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ABS (2007). National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Summary of Results. Australian Bureau of Statistics: Canberra.Google Scholar
Alati, R, Lawlor, DA, Mamun, AA, Williams, GM, Najman, JM, O'Callaghan, M, Bor, W (2007). Is there a fetal origin of depression? Evidence from the Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its Outcomes. American Journal of Epidemiology 165, 575–582.Google Scholar
Allin, M, Rooney, M, Cuddy, M, Wyatt, J, Walshe, M, Rifkin, L, Murray, R (2006). Personality in young adults who are born preterm. Pediatrics 117, 309–316.Google Scholar
Anderson, PJ, De Luca, CR, Hutchinson, E, Spencer-Smith, MM, Roberts, G, Doyle, LW; Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (2011). Attention problems in a representative sample of extremely preterm/extremely low birth weight children. Developmental Neuropsychology 36, 57–73.Google Scholar
Anderson, PJ, Doyle, LW (2003). Neurobehavioural outcomes of school-age children born extremely low birth weight or very preterm in the 1990s. Journal of the American Medical Association 289, 3264–3272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, PJ, Doyle, LW (2004). Executive functioning in school-aged children who were born very preterm or with extremely low birth weight in the 1990s. Pediatrics 114, 50–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
APA (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. DSM-IV-TR. American Psychiatric Association: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Beck, AT, Steer, RA (1990). Beck Anxiety Inventory Manual. Psychological Corporation: San Antonio, TX.Google Scholar
Bhutta, AT, Cleves, MA, Casey, PH, Cradock, MM, Anand, KJS (2002). Cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-aged children who were born preterm: a meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association 288, 728–737.Google Scholar
Burnett, AC, Anderson, PJ, Cheong, J, Doyle, LW, Davey, CG, Wood, SJ (2011). Prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses in preterm and full-term children, adolescents and young adults: a meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine 41, 2463–2474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cantwell, DP, Lewinsohn, PM, Rohde, P, Seeley, JR (1997). Correspondence between adolescent report and parent report of psychiatric diagnostic data. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36, 610–619.Google Scholar
Carver, CS, White, TL (1994). Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67, 319–333.Google Scholar
Congalton, AA (1969). Status and Prestige in Australia. Cheshire: Melbourne.Google Scholar
Crump, C, Winkleby, MA, Sundquist, K, Sundquist, J (2010). Preterm birth and psychiatric medication prescription in young adulthood: a Swedish national cohort study. International Journal of Epidemiology 39, 1522–1530.Google Scholar
Dole, N, Savitz, DA, Hertz-Picciotto, I, Siega-Riz, AM, McMahon, MJ, Buekens, P (2003). Maternal stress and preterm birth. American Journal of Epidemiology 157, 14–24.Google Scholar
Doyle, LW, Anderson, PJ; Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (2005). Improved neurosensory outcome at 8 years of age of extremely low birthweight children born in Victoria over three distinct eras. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 90, F484–F488.Google Scholar
Doyle, LW, Roberts, G, Anderson, PJ; Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (2010). Outcomes at age 2 years of infants <28 weeks’ gestational age born in Victoria in 2005. Journal of Pediatrics 156, 49–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doyle, LW; Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (2001). Outcome at five years of age of children 23 to 27 weeks’ gestation: refining the prognosis. Pediatrics 108, 134–141.Google Scholar
Eaton, WW, Muntaner, C, Smith, C, Tien, A, Ybarra, M (2004). Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: Review and Revision (CESD and CESD-R). In The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcomes Assessment (ed. Maruish, M. E.), pp. 363–377. Lawrence Erlbaum: Mahwah, NJ.Google Scholar
Eisenberg, N, Fabes, RA, Guthrie, IK, Reiser, M (2000). Dispositional emotionality and regulation: their role in predicting quality of social functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78, 136–157.Google Scholar
Elgen, I, Sommerfelt, K, Markestad, T (2002). Population based, controlled study of behavioural problems and psychiatric disorders in low birthweight children at 11 years of age. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 87, F128–F132.Google Scholar
Elgen, IB, Holsten, F, Odberg, MD (2012). Psychiatric disorders in low birthweight young adults. Prevalence and association with assessments at 11 years. European Psychiatry. Published online: 19 09 2012 . doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2012.06.002.Google Scholar
First, MB, Spitzer, RL, Gibbon, M, Williams, JBW (2002). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Non-Patient Edition (SCID-I/NP). Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute: New York.Google Scholar
Frick, PJ, Hare, R (2001). Antisocial Process Screening Device. Multi-Health Systems: Toronto, Canada.Google Scholar
Gardner, F, Johnson, A, Yudkin, P, Bowler, U, Hockley, C, Mutch, L, Wariyar, U (2004). Behavioral and emotional adjustment of teenagers in mainstream school who were born before 29 weeks’ gestation. Pediatrics 114, 676–682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grote, NK, Bridge, JA, Gavin, AR, Melville, JL, Iyengar, S, Katon, WJ (2010). A meta-analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction. Archives of General Psychiatry 67, 1012–1024.Google Scholar
Grunau, RE, Whitfield, MF, Fay, TB (2004). Psychosocial and academic characteristics of extremely low birth weight (⩽ 800 g) adolescents who are free of major impairment compared with term-born control subjects. Pediatrics 114, e725–e732.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hack, M, Youngstrom, EA, Cartar, L, Schluchter, M, Taylor, HG, Flannery, D, Klein, N, Borawski, E (2004). Behavioral outcomes and evidence of psychopathology among very low birth weight infants at age 20 years. Pediatrics 114, 932–940.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hallin, A-L, Stjernqvist, K (2011). Adolescents born extremely preterm: behavioral outcomes and quality of life. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 52, 251–256.Google Scholar
Hankin, BL, Abramson, LY, Moffitt, TE, Silva, PA, McGee, R, Angell, KE (1998). Development of depression from preadolescence to young adulthood: emerging gender differences in a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 107, 128–140.Google Scholar
Hille, ETM, Dorrepaal, C, Perenboom, R, Gravenhorst, JB, Brand, R, Verloove-Vanhorick, SP; Dutch POPS-19 Collaborative Study Group (2008). Social lifestyle, risk-taking behavior, and psychopathology in young adults born very preterm or with a very low birthweight. Journal of Pediatrics 152, 793–800.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hundt, NE, Kimbrel, NA, Mitchell, JT, Nelson-Gray, RO (2008). High BAS, but not low BIS, predicts externalizing symptoms in adults. Personality and Individual Differences 44, 565–575.Google Scholar
Indredavik, MS, Vik, T, Heyerdahl, S, Kulseng, S, Brubakk, A-M (2005). Psychiatric symptoms in low birth weight adolescents assessed by screening questionnaires. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 14, 226–236.Google Scholar
Johnson, S (2007). Cognitive and behavioural outcomes following very preterm birth. Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 12, 363–373.Google Scholar
Johnson, S, Hollis, C, Kochhar, P, Hennessy, E, Wolke, D, Marlow, N (2010). Psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children: longitudinal finding at age 11 years in the EPICure study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 49, 453–463.Google Scholar
Kessler, RC, Berglund, P, Demler, O, Jin, R, Walters, EE (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry 62, 593–602.Google Scholar
Krueger, RF (1999). Personality traits in late adolescence predict mental disorders in early adulthood: a perspective-epidemiological study. Journal of Personality 67, 39–65.Google Scholar
Lindström, K, Lindblad, F, Hjern, A (2009). Psychiatric morbidity in adolescents and young adults born preterm: a Swedish national cohort study. Pediatrics 123, e47–e53.Google Scholar
Lund, LK, Vik, T, Skranes, J, Brubakk, A-M, Indredavik, MS (2011). Psychiatric morbidity in two low birth weight groups assessed by diagnostic interview in young adulthood. Acta Paediatrica 100, 598–604.Google Scholar
Merikangas, KR, He, J-P, Burstein, M, Swanson, SA, Avenevoli, S, Cui, L, Benjet, C, Georgiades, K, Swendsen, J (2010). Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication–Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 49, 980–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, JT, Nelson-Gray, RO (2006). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults: relationship to Gray's Behavioral Approach System. Personality and Individual Differences 40, 749–760.Google Scholar
Nosarti, C, Reichenberg, A, Murray, RM, Cnattingius, S, Lambe, MP, Yin, L, MacCabe, J, Rifkin, L, Hultman, CM (2012). Preterm birth and psychiatric disorders in young adult life. Archives of General Psychiatry 69, 610–617.Google Scholar
Patton, GC, Coffey, C, Posterino, M, Carlin, JB, Wolfe, R, Bowes, G (1999). A computerised screening instrument for adolescent depression: population-based validation and application to a two-phase case-control study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 34, 166–172.Google Scholar
Pesonen, A-K, Räikkönen, K, Heinonen, K, Andersson, S, Hovi, P, Järvenpää, A-L, Eriksson, JG, Kajantie, E (2008). Personality of young adults born prematurely: the Helsinki study of very low birth weight adults. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 49, 609–617.Google Scholar
Polanczyk, G, de Lima, MS, Horta, BL, Biederman, J, Rohde, LA (2007). The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry 164, 942–948.Google Scholar
Pyhälä, R, Räikkönen, K, Pesonen, A-K, Heinonen, K, Hovi, P, Eriksson, JG, Järvenpää, A-L, Andersson, S, Kajantie, E (2009). Behavioral inhibition and behavioral approach in young adults with very low birth weight: the Helsinki study of very low-birth-weight adults. Personality and Individual Differences 46, 106–110.Google Scholar
Reavley, NJ, Cvetkovski, S, Jorm, AF, Lubman, DI (2010). Help-seeking for substance use, anxiety and affective disorders among young people: results from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 44, 729–735.Google Scholar
Saigal, S, Doyle, LW (2008). An overview of mortality and sequelae of preterm birth from infancy to adulthood. Lancet 371, 261–269.Google Scholar
Saigal, S, Pinelli, J, Hoult, L, Kim, MM, Boyle, M (2003). Psychopathology and social competencies of adolescents who were extremely low birth weight. Pediatrics 111, 969–975.Google Scholar
Schmidt, LA, Miskovic, V, Boyle, MH, Saigal, S (2008). Shyness and timidity in young adults who were born at extremely low birth weight. Pediatrics 122, e181–e187.Google Scholar
Slade, T, Johnston, A, Oakley Brown, MA, Andrews, G, Whiteford, H (2009). 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: methods and key findings. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 43, 594–605.Google Scholar
Strang-Karlsson, S, Räikkönen, K, Pesonen, A-K, Kajantie, E, Paavonen, EJ, Lahti, J, Hovi, P, Heinonen, K, Järvenpää, A-L, Eriksson, JG, Andersson, S (2008). Very low birth weight and behavioral symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in young adulthood: the Helsinki study of very-low-birth-weight adults. American Journal of Psychiatry 165, 1345–1353.Google Scholar
Treyvaud, K, Ure, A, Doyle, LW, Lee, KJ, Rogers, CE, Kidokoro, H, Inder, TE, Anderson, PJ (2013). Psychiatric outcomes at age seven for very preterm children: rates and predictors. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 54, 772–779.Google Scholar
Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (1997 a). Improved outcome into the 1990s for infants weighing 500–999 g at birth. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition 77, F91–F94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group (1997 b). Outcome at 2 years of children 23–27 weeks’ gestation born in Victoria in 1991–92. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 33, 161–165.Google Scholar
Walshe, M, Rifkin, L, Rooney, M, Healy, E, Nosarti, C, Wyatt, J, Stahl, D, Murray, RM, Allin, M (2008). Psychiatric disorder in young adults born very preterm: role of family history. European Psychiatry 23, 527–531.Google Scholar
Watson, D, Clark, LA, Tellegen, A (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54, 1063–1070.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wechsler, D (1999). Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) . Harcourt Assessment: San Antonio, TX.Google Scholar
Weller, EB, Weller, RA, Rooney, MT, Fristad, MA (1999). Children's Interview for Psychiatric Syndromes (ChIPS) . American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Westrupp, EM, Northam, E, Doyle, LW, Callanan, C, Anderson, PJ (2011). Adult psychiatric outcomes of very low birth weight survivors. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 45, 1069–1077.Google Scholar
Whitaker, A, van Rossem, R, Feldman, JF, Schonfield, IS, Pinto-Martin, JA, Torre, C, Shaffer, D, Paneth, N (1997). Psychiatric outcomes in low-birth-weight children at age 6 years: relation to neonatal cranial ultrasound abnormalities. Archives of General Psychiatry 54, 847–856.Google Scholar
Whitaker, AH, Feldman, JF, Lorenz, JM, McNicholas, F, Fisher, PW, Shen, S, Pinto-Martin, J, Shaffer, D, Paneth, N (2011). Neonatal head ultrasound abnormalities in preterm infants and adolescent psychiatric disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 68, 742–752.Google Scholar
Woodward, LJ, Anderson, PJ, Austin, NC, Howard, K, Inder, TE (2006). Neonatal MRI to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. New England Journal of Medicine 355, 685–694.Google Scholar
Zwicker, JG, Harris, SR (2008). Quality of life of formerly preterm and very low birth weigh infants from preschool age to adulthood: a systematic review. Pediatrics 121, e366–e376.Google Scholar