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Genetic and environmental aspects in the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms and binge-eating behavior in adults: a twin study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2017

A. J. Capusan ,
S. Yao ,
R. Kuja-Halkola ,
C. M. Bulik ,
L. M. Thornton ,
P. Bendtsen ,
I. Marteinsdottir ,
A. Thorsell  and
H. Larsson
A. J. Capusan*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Sweden Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
S. Yao
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
R. Kuja-Halkola
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
C. M. Bulik
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
L. M. Thornton
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA
P. Bendtsen
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Specialist and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Motala, Sweden
I. Marteinsdottir
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
A. Thorsell
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
H. Larsson
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
*
*Address for correspondence: A. J. Capusan, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Psychiatry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden. (Email: Andrea.Johansson.Capusan@liu.se)
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Abstract

Background

Prior research demonstrated that attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with binge-eating behavior, binge-eating disorder (BED), and bulimia nervosa (BN). The aim of this study was to investigate these associations in an adult twin population, and to determine the extent to which ADHD symptoms and binge-eating behavior share genetic and environmental factors.

Methods

We used self-reports of current ADHD symptoms and lifetime binge-eating behavior and associated characteristics from a sample of over 18 000 adult twins aged 20–46 years, from the population-based Swedish Twin Registry. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine the association between ADHD and lifetime binge-eating behavior, BED, and BN. Structural equation modeling was used in 13 773 female twins to determine the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the association between ADHD symptoms and binge-eating behavior in female adult twins.

Results

ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with lifetime binge-eating behavior, BED, and BN. The heritability estimate for current ADHD symptoms was 0.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.41–0.44], and for lifetime binge-eating behavior 0.65 (95% CI 0.54–0.74). The genetic correlation was estimated as 0.35 (95% CI 0.25–0.46) and the covariance between ADHD and binge-eating behavior was primarily explained by genetic factors (91%). Non-shared environmental factors explained the remaining part of the covariance.

Conclusions

The association between adult ADHD symptoms and binge-eating behavior in females is largely explained by shared genetic risk factors.

Keywords

ADHDbinge eatingbivariate twin analysisheritabilitytwins
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 47 , Issue 16 , December 2017 , pp. 2866 - 2878
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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