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A heavy burden on young minds: the global burden of mental and substance use disorders in children and youth

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2014

H. E. Erskine ,
T. E. Moffitt ,
W. E. Copeland ,
E. J. Costello ,
A. J. Ferrari ,
G. Patton ,
L. Degenhardt ,
T. Vos ,
H. A. Whiteford  and
J. G. Scott
H. E. Erskine*
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, Australia Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
T. E. Moffitt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
W. E. Copeland
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
E. J. Costello
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
A. J. Ferrari
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, Australia Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
G. Patton
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
L. Degenhardt
Affiliation:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Centre for Health Policy, Programs, and Economics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
T. Vos
Affiliation:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
H. A. Whiteford
Affiliation:
School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, Australia Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
J. G. Scott
Affiliation:
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Queensland, Australia The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia Metro North Mental Health, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
*
*Address for correspondence: Ms. H. E. Erskine, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Dawson House, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia. (Email: holly_erskine@qcmhr.uq.edu.au)
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Abstract

Background

Mental and substance use disorders are common and often persistent, with many emerging in early life. Compared to adult mental and substance use disorders, the global burden attributable to these disorders in children and youth has received relatively little attention.

Method

Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 was used to investigate the burden of mental and substance disorders in children and youth aged 0–24 years. Burden was estimated in terms of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), derived from the sum of years lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs).

Results

Globally, mental and substance use disorders are the leading cause of disability in children and youth, accounting for a quarter of all YLDs (54.2 million). In terms of DALYs, they ranked 6th with 55.5 million DALYs (5.7%) and rose to 5th when mortality burden of suicide was reattributed. While mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of DALYs in high-income countries (HICs), they ranked 7th in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to mortality attributable to infectious diseases.

Conclusions

Mental and substance use disorders are significant contributors to disease burden in children and youth across the globe. As reproductive health and the management of infectious diseases improves in LMICs, the proportion of disease burden in children and youth attributable to mental and substance use disorders will increase, necessitating a realignment of health services in these countries.

Keywords

Children and youthdisability-adjusted life yearsglobal burden of diseasemental and substance use disorders
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 45 , Issue 7 , May 2015 , pp. 1551 - 1563
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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