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Movement disorders are associated with schizotypy in unaffected siblings of patients with non-affective psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2011

J. P. Koning ,
D. E. Tenback ,
R. S. Kahn ,
M. G. Vollema ,
W. Cahn  and
P. N. van Harten
J. P. Koning*
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Centre Symfora Group, Amersfoort, The Netherlands Rudolph Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht, The Netherlands
D. E. Tenback
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Centre Symfora Group, Amersfoort, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
R. S. Kahn
Affiliation:
Rudolph Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
M. G. Vollema
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Centre Meerkanten Flevo-Veluwe, Ermelo, The Netherlands
W. Cahn
Affiliation:
Rudolph Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Utrecht, The Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands
P. N. van Harten
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Centre Symfora Group, Amersfoort, The Netherlands Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr J. P. Koning, c/o Mrs T. van Polanen, Symfora groep, Medisch centrum, PO Box 3051, 3800 DB Amersfoort, The Netherlands. (Email: jpf.koning@symfora.nl)
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Abstract

Background

Movement disorders and schizotypy are both prevalent in unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia and both are associated with the risk of developing psychosis or schizophrenia. However, to date there has been no research into the association between these two vulnerability factors in persons with an increased genetic risk profile. We hypothesized that unaffected siblings of patients with non-affective psychosis have more movement disorders and schizotypy than healthy controls and that these co-occur.

Method

In a cross-sectional design we assessed the prevalence and inter-relationship of movement disorders and schizotypy in 115 unaffected siblings (mean age 27 years, 44% males) and 100 healthy controls (mean age 26 years, 51% males). Movement disorders were measured with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), and one separate item for dystonia. Schizotypy was assessed with the Structured Interview for Schizotypy – Revised (SIS-R).

Results

There were significant differences in the prevalence of movement disorders in unaffected siblings versus healthy controls (10% v. 1%, p<0.01) but not in the prevalence of schizotypy. Unaffected siblings with a movement disorder displayed significantly more positive and total schizotypy (p=0.02 and 0.03 respectively) than those without. In addition, dyskinesia correlated with positive schizotypy (r=0.51, p=0.02).

Conclusions

The association between movement disorders (dyskinesia in particular) with positive and total schizotypy in unaffected siblings suggests that certain vulnerability factors for psychosis or schizophrenia cluster in a subgroup of subjects with an increased genetic risk of developing the disease.

Keywords

Movement disorderspsychosis riskrisk factorsschizophreniaschizotypysiblings
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 41 , Issue 10 , October 2011 , pp. 2141 - 2147
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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