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Physical injury and psychotic experiences in 48 low- and middle-income countries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2019

A. Stickley Open the ORCID record for A. Stickley [Opens in a new window] ,
T. Sumiyoshi ,
Z. Narita ,
H. Oh ,
J. E. DeVylder ,
L. Jacob  and
A. Koyanagi
A. Stickley*
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan The Stockholm Center for Health and Social Change (SCOHOST), Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
T. Sumiyoshi
Affiliation:
Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
Z. Narita
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
H. Oh
Affiliation:
Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
J. E. DeVylder
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
L. Jacob
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux 78180, France Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
A. Koyanagi
Affiliation:
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: A. Stickley, E-mail: amstick66@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background

Psychotic experiences (PEs) may be associated with injuries, but studies focusing specifically on low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs) are scarce. Thus, the current study examined the link between injuries and PEs in a large number of LAMICs.

Method

Cross-sectional data were used from 242 952 individuals in 48 LAMICs that were collected during the World Health Survey in 2002–2004 to examine the association between traffic-related and other (non-traffic-related) forms of injury and PEs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were used to examine associations while controlling for a variety of covariates including depression.

Results

In fully adjusted analyses, any injury [odds ratio (OR) 2.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85–2.31], traffic injury (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.53–2.21) and other injury (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.84–2.37) were associated with higher odds for PEs. Results from a country-wise analysis showed that any injury was associated with significantly increased odds for PEs in 39 countries with the overall pooled OR estimated by meta-analysis being 2.46 (95% CI 2.22–2.74) with a moderate level of between-country heterogeneity (I2 = 56.3%). Similar results were observed across all country income levels (low, lower-middle and upper-middle).

Conclusions

Different types of injury are associated with PEs in LAMICs. Improving mental health systems and trauma capacity in LAMICs may be important for preventing injury-related negative mental health outcomes.

Keywords

DelusionepidemiologyhallucinationinjuriesWorld Health Survey
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 50 , Issue 16 , December 2020 , pp. 2751 - 2758
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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