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Predicting suicidal ideation in a nationally representative sample of young adults: a 12-month prospective study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2021

Karen Wetherall Open the ORCID record for Karen Wetherall [Opens in a new window] ,
Seonaid Cleare ,
Sarah Eschle ,
Eamonn Ferguson ,
Daryl B. O'Connor ,
Ronan E. O'Carroll  and
Rory C. O'Connor
Karen Wetherall*
Affiliation:
Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
Seonaid Cleare
Affiliation:
Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
Sarah Eschle
Affiliation:
Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
Eamonn Ferguson
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, UK
Daryl B. O'Connor
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, UK
Ronan E. O'Carroll
Affiliation:
Division of Psychology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, UK
Rory C. O'Connor
Affiliation:
Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0XH, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Karen Wetherall, E-mail: Karen.wetherall@glasgow.ac.uk
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Abstract

Background

Evidence-based theoretical models outlining the pathways to the development of suicidal ideation may inform treatment. The current research draws from the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPT) and the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model of suicidal behaviour and aims to test the interaction between perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as proposed by the IPT model, and the defeat-entrapment pathway as proposed by the IMV model, in the prediction of suicidal ideation at 12-month follow-up.

Methods

The Scottish Wellbeing Study is a nationally representative prospective study of young people aged 18–34 years (n = 3508) from across Scotland, who completed a baseline interview and a 12-month follow-up (n = 2420). The core factors from both the IPT (perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness) and the IMV model (defeat, internal and external entrapment) were measured alongside demographics, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation at baseline. At 12-month follow-up, suicidal ideation was assessed again.

Results

In multiple regression analysis perceived burdensomeness and internal entrapment, with baseline suicidal ideation, predicted 12-month suicidal ideation. No support for the interaction between perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness in predicting 12-month suicidal ideation was found. However, there was evidence that internal, but not external, entrapment mediated the relationship between defeat and 12-month suicidal ideation, but no support was found for the moderation of burdensomeness and belongingness on the entrapment to suicidal ideation pathway.

Conclusions

The current findings highlight the importance of targeting perceived burdensomeness and internal entrapment to reduce the likelihood that suicidal ideation emerges in at risk individuals.

Keywords

DefeatentrapmentIntegrated Motivational-Volitional Model of suicidal behaviour (IMV)Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPT)perceived burdensomenessthwarted belongingness
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 14 , October 2022 , pp. 3168 - 3175
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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