Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:27:01.342Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Serious mental illness and incidents between adult children and parents responded to by police

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2020

Travis Labrum  and
Phyllis Solomon
Travis Labrum*
Affiliation:
School of Social Work, University of Pittsburgh, 2117 Cathedral of Learning, 4200 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA15260, USA
Phyllis Solomon
Affiliation:
School of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania, 3701 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA19104, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Travis Labrum, E-mail: trl51@pitt.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

Despite a sizable minority of persons with serious mental illness (SMI) acting aggressively toward family members, little is known about this topic. The objectives of the present analyses are to examine the association of offenders' SMI status with offender behaviors and victim outcomes and to compare the immediate contextual characteristics of incidents involving offenders with and without SMI.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional design, all incidents of domestic violence to which police were called between adult children and their parents in Philadelphia, PA, in 2013 (N = 6191) were analyzed. Additionally, incidents in which the offender was indicated to have SMI (n = 327) were matched with a sample of incidents in which the offender was not indicated to have SMI (n = 327).

Results

Offenders having SMI was not associated with using a bodily weapon or gun, threatening victims, or damaging property. Offenders having SMI was associated with a decreased risk of offenders using a non-gun external weapon and victims being observed to have a complaint of pain or visible injuries. When offenders had SMI, conflict was less likely to focus on family issues and more likely to focus on offenders' behaviors and to involve contextual characteristics related to mental illness.

Conclusions

Efforts to prevent gun and other violence between non-intimate partner family members should target factors more strongly associated with violence than SMI (e.g. history of domestic violence, substance abuse). Intervening in family aggression by persons with SMI likely requires addressing unique circumstances these parties experience.

Keywords

Aggressionbipolar disordercaregiverfamilygunpsychiatric disorderschizophreniaviolenceweapon
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 102 - 111
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahn, B. H., Kim, J. H., Oh, S., Choi, S. S., Ahn, S. H., & Kim, S. B. (2012). Clinical features of parricide in patients with schizophrenia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 46, 621–629. doi: 10.1177/0004867412442499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Babcock, J. C., Costa, D. M., Green, C. E., & Eckhardt, C. I. (2004). What situations induce intimate partner violence? A reliability and validity study of the Proximal Antecedents to Violent Episodes (PAVE) scale. Journal of Family Psychology, 18(3), 433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bohrman, C., Blank Wilson, A., Watson, A., & Draine, J. (2018). How police officers assess for mental illnesses. Victims & Offenders, 13(8), 1077–1092.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breiding, M. J., Smith, S. G., Basile, K. C., Walters, M. L., Chen, J., & Merrick, M. T. (2014). Prevalence and characteristics of sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence victimization – National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, United States, 2011. Washington, D.C.: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6308.pdf.Google ScholarPubMed
Bridges, F. S., Tatum, K. M., & Kunselman, J. C. (2008). Domestic violence statutes and rates of intimate partner and family homicide: A research note. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 19(1), 117–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clements, K., & Schumacher, J. A. (2010). Perceptual biases in social cognition as potential moderators of the relationship between alcohol and intimate partner violence: A review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 15(5), 357–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, K., Laursen, T. M., Pedersen, C. B., Webb, R. T., Mortensen, P. B., & Agerbo, E. (2018). Risk of being subjected to crime, including violent crime, after onset of mental illness: A Danish national registry study using police data. JAMA psychiatry, 75(7), 689–696.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckhardt, C. I., Parrott, D. J., & Sprunger, J. G. (2015). Mechanisms of alcohol-facilitated intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 21(8), 939–957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Elbogen, E. B., Dennis, P. A., & Johnson, S. C. (2016). Beyond mental illness: Targeting stronger and more direct pathways to violence. Clinical Psychological Science, 4(5), 747–759.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Estroff, S. E., Swanson, J. W., Lachicotte, W. S., Swartz, M., & Bolduc, M. (1998). Risk reconsidered: Targets of violence in the social networks of people with serious psychiatric disorders. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 33(1), S95–S101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Estroff, S. E., Zimmer, C., Lachicotte, W. S., & Benoit, J. (1994). The influence of social networks and social support on violence by persons with serious mental illness. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45(7), 669–679.Google ScholarPubMed
Fazel, S., Gulati, G., Linsell, L., Geddes, J. R., & Grann, M. (2009). Schizophrenia and violence: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine, 6(8), e1000120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fazel, S., Lichtenstein, P., Grann, M., Goodwin, G. M., & Långström, N. (2010). Bipolar disorder and violent crime: New evidence from population-based longitudinal studies and systematic review. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(9), 931–938.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finneran, C., & Stephenson, R. (2014). Antecedents of intimate partner violence among gay and bisexual men. Violence and Victims, 29(3), 422–435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Graneheim, U. H., & Lundman, B. (2004). Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: Concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Education Today, 24(2), 105–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hachtel, H., Harries, C., Luebbers, S., & Ogloff, J. R. (2018). Violent offending in schizophrenia spectrum disorders preceding and following diagnosis. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 52(8), 782–792.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Joyal, C. C., Côté, G., Meloche, J., & Hodgins, S. (2011). Severe mental illness and aggressive behavior: On the importance of considering subgroups. International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 10(2), 107–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kageyama, M., Solomon, P., Kita, S., Nagata, S., Yokoyama, K., Nakamura, Y., … Fujii, C. (2016a). Factors related to physical violence experienced by parents of persons with schizophrenia in Japan. Psychiatry Research, 243, 439–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kageyama, M., Solomon, P., & Yokoyama, K. (2016b). Psychological distress and violence towards parents of patients with schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 30(5), 614–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, J., Medoff, D., Fang, L. J., & Dixon, L. B. (2015). The relationship between the perceived risk of harm by a family member with mental illness and the family experience. Community Mental Health Journal, 51, 790–799.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T. (2017). Factors related to abuse of older persons by relatives with psychiatric disorders. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 68, 126–134.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., & Solomon, P. L. (2016). Factors associated with family violence by persons with psychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Research, 244, 171–178.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., & Solomon, P. L. (2017). Rates of victimization of violence committed by relatives with psychiatric disorders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(19), 2955–2974.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., & Solomon, P. L. (2018). Safety fears held by caregivers regarding relatives with psychiatric disorders. Health & Social Work, 43, 165–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., Solomon, P. L., & Marcus, S. C. (2020). Victimization and perpetration of violence involving persons with mood and other psychiatric disorders and their relatives. Psychiatric Services, 71, 498–501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., Walk, M., & Solomon, P. L. (2016). Measuring limit-setting practices used by family members towards relatives with psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric Quarterly, 87, 465–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Labrum, T., Zingman, M. A., Nossel, I., & Dixon, L. B. (in press). Violence by persons with serious mental illness toward family caregivers and other relatives: A review. Harvard Review of Psychiatry. DOI: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000263Google Scholar
Menard, S. (1995). Applied logistic regression analysis: Sage University series on quantitative applications in the social sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Onwumere, J., Grice, S., Garety, P., Bebbington, P., Dunn, G., Freeman, D., … Kuipers, E. (2014). Caregiver reports of patient-initiated violence in psychosis. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 59, 376–384.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Onwumere, J., Zhou, Z., & Kuipers, O. B. E. (2018). Informal caregiving relationships in psychosis: Reviewing the impact of patient violence on caregivers. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perälä, J., Suvisaari, J., Saarni, S. I., Kuoppasalmi, K., Isometsä, E., Pirkola, S., … Härkänen, T. (2007). Lifetime prevalence of psychotic and bipolar I disorders in a general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(1), 19–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raissian, K. M. (2016). Hold your fire: Did the 1996 Federal Gun Control Act expansion reduce domestic homicides? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 35(1), 67–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Short, T., Thomas, S., Mullen, P., & Ogloff, J. R. (2013). Comparing violence in schizophrenia patients with and without comorbid substance-use disorders to community controls. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 128(4), 306–313.Google ScholarPubMed
Simmons, M., McEwan, T. E., Purcell, R., & Ogloff, J. R. (2018). Sixty years of child-to-parent abuse research: What we know and where to go. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 38, 31–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, L. M., Onwumere, J., Craig, T., & Kuipers, E. (2018). Caregiver correlates of patient-initiated violence in early psychosis. Psychiatry Research, 270, 412–417.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sorenson, S. B. (2017). Guns in intimate partner violence: Comparing incidents by type of weapon. Journal of Women's Health, 26, 249–258.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanson, J. W., McGinty, E. E., Fazel, S., & Mays, V. M. (2015). Mental illness and reduction of gun violence and suicide: Bringing epidemiologic research to policy. Annals of Epidemiology, 25(5), 366–376.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teplin, L. A. (1984). Criminalizing mental disorder: The comparative arrest rate of the mentally ill. American Psychologist, 39, 794–804.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tessler, R. C., & Gamache, G. (2000). Family experiences with mental illness. Greenwood Publishing Group. Westport, CT.Google Scholar
Truman, J. L., & Morgan, R. E. (2014). Nonfatal Domestic Violence, 2003–2012. National Institute of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics (NCJ 244697). Retrieved from https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ndv0312.pdf.Google Scholar
Vaismoradi, M., Turunen, H., & Bondas, T. (2013). Content analysis and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study. Nursing & Health Sciences, 15(3), 398–405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Witt, K., Van Dorn, R., & Fazel, S. (2013). Risk factors for violence in psychosis: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis of 110 studies. PLoS One, 8(2), e55942.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Health Organization. (2002). World report on violence and health: summary. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/world_report/en/summary_en.pdf.Google Scholar
World Health Organization. (2014). Global Status Report on Violence Prevention 2014. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/status_report/2014/en/.Google Scholar
Yu, R., Geddes, J. R., & Fazel, S. (2012). Personality disorders, violence, and antisocial behavior: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Journal of Personality Disorders, 26(5), 775–792.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed