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Confidence Regions for INDSCAL using the Jackknife and Bootstrap Techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2025

Sharon L. Weinberg ,
J. Douglas Carroll  and
Harvey S. Cohen
Sharon L. Weinberg*
Affiliation:
New York University
J. Douglas Carroll
Affiliation:
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Harvey S. Cohen
Affiliation:
AT&T Information Systems
*
Requests for reprints should be sent to Sharon L. Weinberg, 933 Shimkin Hall, Program of Educational Statistics, New York University, New York, N.Y. 10003.
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Abstract

Bootstrap and jackknife techniques are used to estimate ellipsoidal confidence regions of group stimulus points derived from INDSCAL. The validity of these estimates is assessed through Monte Carlo analysis. Asymptotic estimates of confidence regions based on a MULTISCALE solution are also evaluated. Our findings suggest that the bootstrap and jackknife techniques may be used to provide statements regarding the accuracy of the relative locations of points in space. Our findings also suggest that MULTISCALE asymptotic estimates of confidence regions based on small samples provide an optimistic view of the actual statistical reliability of the solution.

Keywords

Individual differencesmultidimensional scalingstabilitystandard errorspseudovaluesmaximum likelihoodresampling schemes
Type
Original Paper
Information
Psychometrika , Volume 49 , Issue 4 , December 1984 , pp. 475 - 491
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 The Psychometric Society

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Footnotes

The authors wish to thank Geert DeSoete, Richard A. Harshman, William Heiser, Jon Kettenring, Joseph B. Kruskal, Jacqueline Meulman, James O. Ramsay, John W. Tukey, Paul A. Tukey, and Mike Wish.

Sharon L. Weinberg is a consultant at AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974.

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