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The association between the body mass index of first-year female university students and their weight-related perceptions and practices, psychological health, physical activity and other physical health indicators

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Janetta Cilliers ,
Marjanne Senekal  and
Ernesta Kunneke
Janetta Cilliers*
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, PO Box X1, Matieland1, 7602, South Africa:
Marjanne Senekal
Affiliation:
Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, PO Box X1, Matieland1, 7602, South Africa:
Ernesta Kunneke
Affiliation:
Department of Dietetics, University of the Western Cape, Belville, South Africa
*
*Corresponding author: Email janetta@sun.ac.za
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Abstract

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Objective

To investigate the association between the weight status of first–year female students (FYFS) and various weight management–related characteristics to identify possible components of a weight management programme for students.

Design

Cross‐sectional study.

Setting

Female residences at a South African university.

Subjects

A total of 360 FYFS.

Results

Mean (± standard deviation (SD)) body mass index (BMI) of the FYFS was 21.8 ± 2.6 kg m−2, with 7.2% being underweight, 81.9% normal‐weight, 10.0% overweight and 0.8% obese. Underweight, normal–eight and overweight students differed with regard to their perception of their weight (P < 0.001), weight goals (P < 0.001) and previous weight–loss practices (P < 0.001). Mean ± SD score on the 26-item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT–26) was 8.5 ± 9.0 with 8.4% classified as high scorers. Mean ± SD score on the 34-item Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) was 87.7 ± 32.2, with 76.1% classified as low, 11.9% as medium and 11.9% as high scorers. The self-concept questionnaire indicated that 36.7% had a high, 43.9% a medium and 19.4% a low self-concept. Higher BMI correlated with a higher BSQ score (P < 0.001), a lower self-concept (P = 0.029) and a higher EAT-26 score (P < 0.001). Smoking was prevalent amongst 13.1% of students, and 51.2% used vitamin and/or mineral supplements. Students who quitted smoking had higher (P = 0.006) BMI (22.7 ± 2.9 kg m-2) than those who never smoked before (21.6 ± 2.5 kg m−2). Normal-weight students were more physically active than underweight or overweight students (P = 0.038).

Conclusions

The specific weight management-related needs of FYFS include information about supplement use, smoking, realistic weight goals, safe and sound weight-loss methods, weight cycling, body-shape perceptions, eating attitudes and behaviours, self-concept and physical activity. Interventions aimed at correcting these problems should target all students, regardless of their BMI.

Keywords

Female studentsBody mass indexWeight goalsWeight-loss practicesWeight perceptionEating attitudesSelf-conceptBody shapePhysical activityWeight management
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , April 2006 , pp. 234 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2006

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