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Understanding AGB Carbon Star Nucleosynthesis from Observations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

C. Abia ,
I. Domínguez ,
R. Gallino ,
M. Busso ,
O. Straniero ,
P. de Laverny  and
G. Wallerstein
C. Abia
Affiliation:
Dpto. Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; cabia@ugr.es
I. Domínguez
Affiliation:
Dpto. Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; inma@ugr.es
R. Gallino
Affiliation:
Dpto. di Fisica Generale, Universitá di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy. gallino@ph.unito.it
M. Busso
Affiliation:
Dpto. di Fisica, Universitá di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy. busso@fisica.unipg.it
O. Straniero
Affiliation:
Osservatorio di Collurania, 64100 Teramo, Italy. straniero@astrte.te.astro.it
P. de Laverny
Affiliation:
Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, UMR6528, 06304 Nice Cedex 4, France. laverny@obs-nice.fr
G. Wallerstein
Affiliation:
Dept. of Astronomy, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195, USA. wall@orca.astro.washington.edu
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Abstract

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Recent advances in the knowledge of the evolutionary status of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and of the nucleosynthesis processes occurring in them are discussed, and used to interpret abundance determinations for s-process elements, lithium and CNO isotopes in several types of AGB stars. We focus our attention mainly on carbon-rich AGB stars. By combining these different constraints we conclude that most carbon stars in the solar neighborhood are of low mass (M≤3 M⊙), their abundances being a consequence of the operation of thermal pulses and the third dredge-up. However, the observed abundances in carbon stars of the R and J types cannot be explained by this standard scenario. These stars may not be on the AGB, but possibly in the core-He burning phases; their envelopes may have been polluted with nuclear ashes of the core-He flash, followed by CNO re-processing enhancing 13C. Observational evidence suggesting the operation of non-standard mixing mechanisms during the AGB phase is also discussed.

Keywords

nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundancesstars: abundancesstars: AGBstars: carbonstars: evolution
Type
Sixth Torino Workshop
Information
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , 2003 , pp. 314 - 323
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of Australia 2003

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