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Survival of the cheapest: how proteome cost minimization drives evolution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2020

Kasper P. Kepp Open the ORCID record for Kasper P. Kepp [Opens in a new window]
Kasper P. Kepp*
Affiliation:
Technical University of Denmark, DTU Chemistry, Kemitorvet 206, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
*
Author for correspondence: Kasper P. Kepp, E-mail: kpj@kemi.dtu.dk
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Abstract

Darwin's theory of evolution emphasized that positive selection of functional proficiency provides the fitness that ultimately determines the structure of life, a view that has dominated biochemical thinking of enzymes as perfectly optimized for their specific functions. The 20th-century modern synthesis, structural biology, and the central dogma explained the machinery of evolution, and nearly neutral theory explained how selection competes with random fixation dynamics that produce molecular clocks essential e.g. for dating evolutionary histories. However, quantitative proteomics revealed that selection pressures not relating to optimal function play much larger roles than previously thought, acting perhaps most importantly via protein expression levels. This paper first summarizes recent progress in the 21st century toward recovering this universal selection pressure. Then, the paper argues that proteome cost minimization is the dominant, underlying ‘non-function’ selection pressure controlling most of the evolution of already functionally adapted living systems. A theory of proteome cost minimization is described and argued to have consequences for understanding evolutionary trade-offs, aging, cancer, and neurodegenerative protein-misfolding diseases.

Keywords

Amino acid costevolutionmetabolismprotein misfoldingprotein turnover
Type
Major Review
Information
Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics , Volume 53 , 2020 , e7
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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