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Determination of motile behaviour of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells by quasi-elastic light scattering

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2009

Sow-Hsin Chen  and
Frederick Ross Hallett
Sow-Hsin Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Frederick Ross Hallett
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Extract

Information on the swimming motion of microscopic calls and the factors which affect it is important to a wide range of disciplines. The functions of the motile apparatus of simpler organisms such as bacteria or algae can provide useful clues on the operation of more complex contractile systems such as muscles. Often celluar motility is a response to conditions external to the cell (e.g. chemotaxis) and, hence, can lead to increased understanding of the cell's sensory capability. On the medical front there is a physical similarity between the flagellar beat of the motile spermatozoa and the ciliary activity of epithelial lining of respiratory and reproductive tracts. Impairment of the motile apparatus can lead to sterility and to a variety of pathological conditions. In animal husbandry, in the artificial insemination industry and in sperm banking estimates of the extent of cellular motility and the fraction of cells which are motile are key quantities which can determmine the fertilization capability of a semen sample.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , February 1982 , pp. 131 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

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References

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Banks, G., Sshaefer, D. W. & Alpert, S. S. (1975). Light scattering study of the temperature dependence of E. coli motility. Biophys. J. 15, 253–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berge, P., Volochine, B., Billard, R. & Hamelin, A. (1967). Mise en évidence du mouvement propre de microorganism vivants grace à l'étude inélastique de lumière. C. r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci., Paris 265, 889–892.Google Scholar
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Cooke, D. F., Hallett, F. R. & Barker, C. A. V. (1976). Motility evaluation of bull spermatozoa by photon correlation spectroscopy. J. Mechanochem. & Cell Motility 3, 219–223.Google ScholarPubMed
Dubios, M., Jouannet, P., Berge, P. & David, G. (1974). Spermatozoa motility in human cervical mucus. Nature, Lond. 252, 711–713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dubios, M., Jouannet, P., Berge, P., Volochine, B., Serres, C. & David, G. (1975). Méthode et appareillage de mesure objective de la mobilité des spermatozoïdes humains. Ann. Phys. Biol. & Med. 9, 19–41.Google Scholar
Frost, J. & Cummins, H. Z. (1981). Motility assay of human sperm by photon correlation spectroscopy. Science, N. Y. 212, 1520–1522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hallert, F. R., Craig, T. & Marsh, J. (1978). Swimming speed distributions of bull spermatozoa as determined by quasi-elastic light scattering. Biophys. J. 21, 203–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herpigny, B. & Boon, J.-P. (1979). Photon correlation study of spermatozoa motility. J. Phys. 40, i1085–1088.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holz, M. & Chen, S.-H. (1978 d). Quasi-elastic light scattering from migrating chemotactic bands of E. coli. Biophys. J. 23, 15–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holz, M. & Chen, S.-H.Spatio-temporal structure of a migrating chemotactic band of E. coli. I. Travelling band profile. Biophys. J. 26, 243–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jouannet, P., Volochine, B., Deguent, P. & David, G. (1976). Study of human spermatozoa motility parameters by scattered light. Sperm. Action. Prog. reprod. Biol. I, 28–35.Google Scholar
Jouannet, P., Volochine, B., Deguent, P., Serres, C. & David, G. (1977). Light scattering determination of various characteristic parameters of spermatozoa motility in a series of human sperm. Andrologia 9, 36–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, W. I. & Verdugo, P. (1976). Laser light scattering spectroscopy: A new application in the study of ciliary activity. Biophys. J. 16, 1115–1119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, W. & Verdugo, P. (1977). Ciliary activity by laser light-scattering spectroscopy. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 5, 248–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, W. I. & Blandau, R. J. (1979). Laser light scattering of the effect of progesterone on sperm motility. Fert. Steril. 32, 320–323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, W. I. (1981). Dynamic laser scattering study of sperm migration through cervical mucus. In Scattering Techniques Applied to Supramolecular and Nonequilibrium Systems (ed. Chen, S.-H., Chu, B. and Nossal, R.), Advanced Study Institutes, Series B. New York: Plenum.Google Scholar
Matsumoto, G., Shimizu, H., Shimada, J. & Wada, A. (1977). Depolarized laser light scattered by motile spermatozoa. Opt. Commun. 22, 369–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nossal, R. & Chen, S.-H. (1972). Laser measurements of chemotactic response of bacteria. Opt. Commun. 5, 117–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nossal, R. & Chen, S.-H. (1973). Effects of chemoattractants on the motility of Escherichia coli. Nature, Lond. 244, 253–254.Google ScholarPubMed
Racey, T. J. & Hallett, F. R. (1981). The effect of temperature, Cu++, Mg++, and Ni++ ions on the swimming speed of C. reinhardtii determined by quasi-elastic light scattering. Expl. Cell. Res. 136, 371–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Racey, T. J., Hallett, F. R. & Nickel, B. (1981). A quasi-elastic light scattering and cinematographic investigation of motile Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biophys. J. 35, 557–571.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, D. A. & Bullock, J. G. (1982). Bull sperm motility measured by the fibre optic Doppler anenometer. In Biomedical Applications of Laser Light Scattering (ed. Sattelle, D. B.). Elsevier-North Holland.Google Scholar
Shimizu, H. & Matsumoto, G. (1977). Light scattering on motile spermatozoa. I.E.E.E. Trans. Bio-med. Eng. 24, 153–157.Google ScholarPubMed
Shimizu, H. & Matsumoto, G. (1980). Observation of flagellation of spermatozoa by depolarized laser light scattering. Biophys. J. 29, 167–176.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steiner, R., Baumeister, Th. & Kaufmann, R. (1982). Dynamic light scattering and motility measurements - a comparative study. In Biomedical Applications of Laser Light Scattering (ed. Sattelle, D. B.). Elsevier-North Holland.Google Scholar
Wang, P. & Chen, S.-H. (1981). Quasi-elastic light scattering from migrating chemotactic bands of E. coli. II. Analysis of anisotropic bacterial motions. Biophys. J. 36, 203–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar