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Origin of last-glacial loess in the western Yukon-Tanana Upland, central Alaska, USA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2018

Daniel R. Muhs ,
Jeffrey S. Pigati ,
James R. Budahn ,
Gary L. Skipp ,
E. Arthur Bettis III  and
Britta Jensen
Daniel R. Muhs*
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
Jeffrey S. Pigati
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
James R. Budahn
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
Gary L. Skipp
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA
E. Arthur Bettis III
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 5224, USA
Britta Jensen
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
*
*Corresponding author at: U.S. Geological Survey, MS 980, Box 25046, Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225, USA. E-mail address: dmuhs@usgs.gov (D.R. Muhs).
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Abstract

Loess is widespread over Alaska, and its accumulation has traditionally been associated with glacial periods. Surprisingly, loess deposits securely dated to the last glacial period are rare in Alaska, and paleowind reconstructions for this time period are limited to inferences from dune orientations. We report a rare occurrence of loess deposits dating to the last glacial period, ~19 ka to ~12 ka, in the Yukon-Tanana Upland. Loess in this area is very coarse grained (abundant coarse silt), with decreases in particle size moving south of the Yukon River, implying that the drainage basin of this river was the main source. Geochemical data show, however, that the Tanana River valley to the south is also a likely distal source. The occurrence of last-glacial loess with sources to both the south and north is explained by both regional, synoptic-scale winds from the northeast and opposing katabatic winds that could have developed from expanded glaciers in both the Brooks Range to the north and the Alaska Range to the south. Based on a comparison with recent climate modeling for the last glacial period, seasonality of dust transport may also have played a role in bringing about contributions from both northern and southern sources.

Keywords

LoessAlaskaLast glacial periodMineralogyGeochemistryProvenancePaleowinds
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 89 , Issue 3: INQUA LoessFest 2016 , May 2018 , pp. 797 - 819
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2018 

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Tables S1-S5

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