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Tree growth response to the 1913 eruption of Volcán de Fuego de Colima, Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Franco Biondi ,
Ignacio Galindo Estrada ,
Juan Carlos Gavilanes Ruiz  and
Alejandro Elizalde Torres
Franco Biondi*
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Mail Stop 154, Reno, NV 89557-0048, USA
Ignacio Galindo Estrada
Affiliation:
Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad de Colima, Bernal Diaz del Castillo #340, Colima, CP 28045, Colima, Mexico
Juan Carlos Gavilanes Ruiz
Affiliation:
Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad de Colima, Bernal Diaz del Castillo #340, Colima, CP 28045, Colima, Mexico
Alejandro Elizalde Torres
Affiliation:
Ciencias del Ambiente, Universidad de Colima, Bernal Diaz del Castillo #340, Colima, CP 28045, Colima, Mexico
*
*Corresponding author. Fax: +1-775-784-1058. Email Address:fbiondi@unr.edu
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Abstract

The impact of volcanic eruptions on forest ecosystems can be investigated using dendrochronological records. While long-range effects are usually mediated by decreased air temperatures, resulting in frost rings or reduced maximum latewood density, local effects include abrupt suppression of radial growth, occasionally followed by greater than normal growth rates. Annual rings in Mexican mountain pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl.) on Nevado de Colima, at the western end of the Mexican Neovolcanic Belt, indicate extremely low growth in 1913 and 1914, following the January 1913 Plinian eruption of Volcán de Fuego, 7.7 km to the south. That event, which is listed among the largest explosive eruptions since A.D. 1500, produced ashflow deposits up to 40 m thick and blanketed our study area on Nevado de Colima with a tephra fallout 15–30 cm deep. Radial growth reduction in 1913–14 was ≥30% in 73% of the sampled trees. We geostatistically investigated the ecological impact of the eruption by mapping the decrease in xylem increment and found no evidence of a spatial structure in growth reduction. Little information has been available to date on forest species as biological archives of past environments in the North American tropics, yet this historical case study suggests that treeline tropical sites hold valuable records of prehistoric phenomena, including volcanic eruptions.

Keywords

DendrochronologyEcologyTimberlineTreelineNeotropicsVolcanology
Type
Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 59 , Issue 3 , May 2003 , pp. 293 - 299
Copyright
Elsevier Science (USA)

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