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Bio- and lithostratigraphy of lower Pleistocene marine successions in western Emilia (Italy) and their implications for the first occurrence of Arctica islandica in the Mediterranean Sea

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2019

Gaia Crippa Open the ORCID record for Gaia Crippa [Opens in a new window] ,
Michele Azzarone ,
Cinzia Bottini ,
Stefania Crespi ,
Fabrizio Felletti ,
Mattia Marini ,
Maria Rose Petrizzo ,
Daniele Scarponi ,
Sergio Raffi  and
Gianluca Raineri
Gaia Crippa*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Michele Azzarone
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Zamboni 67, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Cinzia Bottini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Stefania Crespi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Fabrizio Felletti
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Mattia Marini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Maria Rose Petrizzo
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra ‘A. Desio’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milan, Italy
Daniele Scarponi
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via Zamboni 67, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Sergio Raffi
Affiliation:
Museo Geologico G. Cappellini, Università di Bologna, Via Zamboni 63, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Gianluca Raineri
Affiliation:
Parco Regionale dello Stirone e del Piacenziano, Loc. Millepioppi, 43039 Salsomaggiore Terme, Italy
*
*Corresponding author e-mail address: gaia.crippa@unimi.it (G. Crippa).
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Abstract

The Arda and Stirone marine successions (Italy) represent key sections for the early Pleistocene; they were deposited continuously within a frame of climate change, recording the Calabrian cooling as testified by the occurrence of the “northern guests,” such as the bivalve Arctica islandica. In addition, although the first occurrence of A. islandica in the Mediterranean Sea was used as the main criterion to mark the former Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary, the age of this bioevent was never well constrained. Here, we describe the Stirone depositional environment and constrain for the first time the section age using calcareous nannofossil and foraminifera biostratigraphy. We also correlate the Arda and Stirone sections using complementary biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data. Our results indicate that A. islandica first occurred in both the successions slightly below the top of the CNPL7 biozone (dated at 1.71 Ma). Comparisons with other lower Pleistocene Mediterranean marine successions indicate that the stratigraphically lowest level where A. islandica first occurred in the Mediterranean Sea is in the Arda and Stirone sections; these environments satisfied the ecological requirements for the establishment and the proliferation of the species, which only subsequently (late Calabrian) has been retrieved in southern Italy and other areas of the Mediterranean Sea.

Keywords

Northern guestsFacies analysisCalcareous nannofossilsForaminiferaearly Pleistocene
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 92 , Issue 2 , September 2019 , pp. 549 - 569
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2019 

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