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A biomarker record of temperature and phytoplankton community structure in the Okinawa Trough since the last glacial maximum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 June 2017

Jiaping Ruan ,
Yunping Xu ,
Su Ding ,
Yinghui Wang  and
Xinyu Zhang
Jiaping Ruan
Affiliation:
Hadal Science and Technology Research Center (HAST), College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Yunping Xu*
Affiliation:
Hadal Science and Technology Research Center (HAST), College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Su Ding
Affiliation:
MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Yinghui Wang
Affiliation:
MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Xinyu Zhang
Affiliation:
MOE Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
*
*Corresponding author at: Hadal Science and Technology Research Center (HAST), College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China E-mail address: ypxu@shou.edu.cn (Y. Xu)
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Abstract

A variety of biomarkers were examined from Ocean Drilling Program Core 1202B to reconstruct temperature and phytoplankton community structures in the southern Okinawa Trough since 20 ka. Two molecular temperature proxies ( $${\rm U}_{{37}}^{{{\rm K}\prime}} $$ and TEX86) show 5°C to ~6°C warming during the glacial-interglacial transition. Prior to the Holocene, the $${\rm U}_{{37}}^{{{\rm K}\prime}} $$ -derived temperature was generally 1°C to 4°C higher than TEX86-derived temperature. This difference, however, was reduced to <1°C in the Holocene. Correspondingly, the phytoplankton biomarkers (e.g., C37:2 alkenone, brassicasterol, C30 1,15 diol, and dinosterol) indicate a shift of planktonic community structures, with coccolithophorids becoming more abundant in the Holocene at the expense of diatoms/dinoflagellates. This shift is related to the variability of nutrients, temperature, and salinity in the Okinawa Trough, likely controlled by the sea level and the intensity of the Kuroshio Current. The phytoplankton community change may have had profound implications for atmospheric CO2 fluctuations during glacial-interglacial cycles since diatoms and dinoflagellates have a higher efficiency of the biological pump than coccolithophorids.

Keywords

Kuroshio CurrentOkinawa TroughSea surface temperatureUKʹ37TEX86
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 88 , Issue 1 , July 2017 , pp. 89 - 97
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2017 

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