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Deglacial Hydroclimate of Midcontinental North America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Steven L. Voelker ,
Michael C. Stambaugh ,
Richard P. Guyette ,
Xiahong Feng ,
David A. Grimley ,
Steven W. Leavitt ,
Irina Panyushkina ,
Eric C. Grimm ,
Jeremiah P. Marsicek  and
Bryan Shuman
...Show all authors
Steven L. Voelker*
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Michael C. Stambaugh
Affiliation:
Department of Forestry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
Richard P. Guyette
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Xiahong Feng
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
David A. Grimley
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Steven W. Leavitt
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Irina Panyushkina
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Eric C. Grimm
Affiliation:
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
Jeremiah P. Marsicek
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
Bryan Shuman
Affiliation:
Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, United States
B. Brandon Curry
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
*
*Corresponding author., E-mail address:dr.s.voelker@gmail.com (S.L. Voelker).
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Abstract

During the last deglaciation temperatures over midcontinental North America warmed dramatically through the Bølling-Allerød, underwent a cool period associated with the Younger-Dryas and then reverted to warmer, near modern temperatures during the early Holocene. However, paleo proxy records of the hydroclimate of this period have presented divergent evidence. We reconstruct summer relative humidity (RH) across the last deglacial period using a mechanistic model of cellulose and leaf water δ18O and δD combined with a pollen-based temperature proxy to interpret stable isotopes of sub-fossil wood. Midcontinental RH was similar to modern conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum, progressively increased during the Bølling-Allerød, peaked during the Younger-Dryas, and declined sharply during the early Holocene. This RH record suggests deglacial summers were cooler and characterized by greater advection of moisture-laden air-masses from the Gulf of Mexico and subsequent entrainment over the mid-continent by a high-pressure system over the Laurentide ice sheet. These patterns help explain the formation of dark-colored cumulic horizons in many Great Plains paleosol sequences and the development of no-analog vegetation types common to the Midwest during the last deglacial period. Likewise, reduced early Holocene RH and precipitation correspond with a diminished glacial high-pressure system during the latter stages of ice-sheet collapse.

Keywords

Relative humidityPrecipitationStable isotopeNo-analog vegetationHoloceneYounger DryasBølling-AllerødGlacialAtmospheric circulation
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 83 , Issue 2 , March 2015 , pp. 336 - 344
Copyright
University of Washington

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