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Environmental isotopes and noble gases in the deep aquifer system of Kazan Trona Ore Field, Ankara, central Turkey and links to paleoclimate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Sebnem Arslan ,
Hasan Yazicigil ,
Martin Stute  and
Peter Schlosser
Sebnem Arslan*
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA
Hasan Yazicigil
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
Martin Stute
Affiliation:
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA Department of Environmental Science, Barnard College, New York, NY 10027, USA
Peter Schlosser
Affiliation:
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
*
*Corresponding author at: Department of Geological Engineering, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey. Fax: + 90 3122150487. E-mail address:sebnem_okten@yahoo.com (S. Arslan).
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Abstract

Environmental isotopes and noble gases in groundwater samples from the Kazan Trona Ore Field are studied to establish the temperature change between the Holocene and the late Pleistocene. Noble gas temperatures (NGTs) presented in this study add an important facet to the global paleotemperature map in the region between Europe and North Africa. The groundwater system under investigation consists of three different aquifers named shallow, middle and deep in which δ18O and δ2H vary from − 8.10‰ to − 12.80‰ and from − 60.89‰ to − 92.60‰ VSMOW, respectively. The average isotopic depletion between unconfined and confined parts of the system is − 2.5‰ in δ18O and − 20‰ in δ2H. It is not possible to explain this depletion solely with the elevation effect. Recharge temperatures derived from dissolved atmospheric noble gases reflect the current average yearly ground temperatures (13°C) for samples collected near the recharge area but are 3 to 8°C lower than today's temperatures in the deep aquifer system. Low 14C activities and high He excesses in the confined parts of the aquifer system suggest that the water in the deep aquifer was recharged during the last Pleistocene under considerably cooler climatic conditions.

Keywords

Kazan BasinCentral TurkeyComplex aquifer systemPaleowaterEnvironmental isotopesNoble gasesPaleoclimate
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 79 , Issue 2 , March 2013 , pp. 292 - 303
Copyright
University of Washington

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