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Exploring pathways to late Holocene increased surface wetness in subarctic peatlands of eastern Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2018

Simon van Bellen ,
Michelle Garneau ,
Andy Baird ,
Marc-André Bourgault  and
Anne Quillet
Simon van Bellen*
Affiliation:
Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
Michelle Garneau
Affiliation:
Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada Département de géographie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
Andy Baird
Affiliation:
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Marc-André Bourgault
Affiliation:
Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
Anne Quillet
Affiliation:
Geography, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
*
*Corresponding author at: Geotop-Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada. E-mail address: van_bellen.simon@uqam.ca (S. van Bellen).
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Abstract

The poor fens of the Laforge region, northeastern Canada, have developed under subarctic conditions. They are characterized by a microtopography of large pools and low, narrow strings. Paleorecords suggest some of these systems were once ombrotrophic and relatively dry. Taking account of their current bioclimatic position, we aimed to explore the possible pathways towards the current wet state, a process referred to as “aqualysis”. We combined paleoecological methods applied to a peat core with conceptual modelling to identify factors that might plausibly explain aqualysis. Reconstructions showed the Abeille peatland became minerotrophic with high water tables between 2400 and 2100 cal yr BP. Conceptual modelling, supported by simulations using the numerical DigiBog model, allowed us to identify the effects of cooling and increased precipitation on productivity, decay, peat hydraulic conductivity and vertical peat accumulation. Both cooling and increased precipitation were required for aqualysis to occur and for wet surface conditions to persist to the present day. Increased recharge from the catchment, which also restricted drainage from the peatland center laterally, was likely critical for the development of minerotrophic conditions. The scenario of cooling and wetting in these peatlands is supported by available paleoclimate records for eastern Canada.

Keywords

FenMinerotrophyTestate amoebaDigiBogWater tableNeoglacialAqualysisAccumulation
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , July 2018 , pp. 83 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2018 

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