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Holocene eolian activation as a proxy for broad-scale landscape change on the Gila River Indian Community, Arizona

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

David K. Wright ,
Steven L. Forman ,
Michael R. Waters  and
John C. Ravesloot
David K. Wright*
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology and Art History, College of Humanities 14-201, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-9dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-745, Republic of Korea Cultural Resource Management Program, Gila River Indian Community, P.O. Box 2140, Sacaton, AZ 85247, USA
Steven L. Forman
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
Michael R. Waters
Affiliation:
Center for the Study of the First Americans, Department of Anthropology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
John C. Ravesloot
Affiliation:
William Self Associates, Inc., Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
*
⁎Corresponding author at: Department of Archaeology and Art History, College of Humanities 14-201, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-9dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-745, Republic of Korea. E-mail address:msafiri@snu.ac.kr (D.K. Wright), slf@uic.edu (S.L. Forman)
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Abstract

Eolian sediments are common within the middle Gila River Valley, southern Arizona, and reflect variability in eolian and fluvial processes during the late Holocene. This study focuses on deciphering the stratigraphic record of eolian deposition and associated luminescence dating of quartz extracts by single aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocols. Stratigraphic assessment coupled with luminescence ages indicates that there are four broad eolian depositional events at ca. 3145 ± 220 yr, 1950–1360 yr, 800 ± 100 yr, and 690–315 yr. This nascent chronology, correlated with regional archeological evidence and paleoclimate proxy datasets, leads to two general conclusions: (1) loess deposits, transverse-dune formation and sand-sheet deposition in the late Holocene are probably linked to flow variability of the Gila River, though the last two events are concordant with regional megadroughts; and (2) the stability of eolian landforms since the 19th century reflects the lack of eolian sediment supply during a period of fluvial incision, resulting in Entisol formation on dunes. The prime catalyst of eolian activity during the late Holocene is inferred to be sediment supply, driven by climate periodicity and variable flow within the Gila River catchment.

Keywords

ArizonaGila RiverHoloceneeolian activationpaleoclimates
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 76 , Issue 1 , July 2011 , pp. 10 - 21
Copyright
University of Washington

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