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Holocene lake salinity changes in the Wimmera, southeastern Australia, provide evidence for millennial-scale climate variability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Justine Kemp ,
Lynda C. Radke ,
Jon Olley ,
Steve Juggins  and
Patrick De Deckker
Justine Kemp*
Affiliation:
School of the Built and Natural Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
Lynda C. Radke
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, The Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200, Australia
Jon Olley
Affiliation:
Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
Steve Juggins
Affiliation:
School of Geography, Politics and Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
Patrick De Deckker
Affiliation:
Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200, Australia
*
*Corresponding author. Fax: + 44 191 227 3519. E-mail address:Justine.Kemp@northumbria.ac.uk (J. Kemp).
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Abstract

Palaeosalinity records for groundwater-influenced lakes in the southwest Murray Basin were constructed from an ostracod-based, weighted-averaging transfer function, supplemented with evidence from Campylodiscus clypeus (diatom), charophyte oogonia, Coxiella striata (gastropod), Elphidium sp. (foraminifera), Daphniopsis sp. ephippia (Cladocera), and brine shrimp (Parartemia zietziana) faecal pellets, the δ18O of ostracods, and > 130 μm quartz sand counts. The chronology is based on optically stimulated luminescence and calibrated radiocarbon ages. Relatively wet conditions are marked by lower salinities between 9600 yr and 5700 yr ago, but mutually exclusive high- and low-salinity ostracod communities suggest substantial variability in effective precipitation in the early Holocene. A drier climate was firmly in place by 4500 yr and is marked at the groundwater-dominated NW Jacka Lake by an increase in aeolian quartz and at Jacka Lake, by a switch from surface-water to groundwater dominance. Short-lived, low-salinity events at 8800, 7200, 5900, 4800, 2400, 1300 and 400 yr are similar in timing and number to those recorded on Australia's southern continental shelf, and globally, and provide evidence for the existence of the ~ 1500-yr cycle in mainland southern Australia. We surmise that these are cool events associated with periodic equatorward shifts in the westerly wind circulation.

Keywords

OstracodsSalt lakesSouthern Hemisphere WesterliesPalaeohydrologyMurray–Darling BasinClimate variabilityTransfer function
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , January 2012 , pp. 65 - 76
Copyright
University of Washington

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