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Late Pleistocene–Holocene stress in the South American intraplate evidenced by tectonic instability in central Amazonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 March 2021

Dilce F. Rossetti Open the ORCID record for Dilce F. Rossetti [Opens in a new window] ,
Francisco H. R. Bezerra ,
Márcio M. Valeriano  and
Eder Cassola Molina
Dilce F. Rossetti*
Affiliation:
Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisas Espaciais–INPE, São José dos Campos-SP, 12245-970Brazil
Francisco H. R. Bezerra
Affiliation:
Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, 59078-970, Brazil
Márcio M. Valeriano
Affiliation:
Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisas Espaciais–INPE, São José dos Campos-SP, 12245-970Brazil
Eder Cassola Molina
Affiliation:
Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo–USP, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo-SP, 05508-900Brazil
*
*Corresponding author at: Instituto Brasileiro de Pesquisas Espaciais–INPE, Rua dos Astronautas 1758, São José dos Campos-SP, 12245–970Brazil. E-mail address: dilce.rossetti@inpe.br (D.F. Rossetti).
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Abstract

Documenting neotectonic instabilities and determining the style and time of deformation in the vast and difficult to access central Amazonia region is challenging. We focus on these issues by investigating a large area of the Negro River drainage basin, applying morphostructural analysis based on synthetic aperture radar data. The digital elevation models of the C-band Shuttle Radar Topography Mission and the L-band Protection System of Amazonia were used as the database. We also used subsurface magnetic information from the Earth Magnetic Anomaly Grid global model to validate the morphostructures. The results revealed NW-oriented morphostructural lineaments bounding multiple depositional valley fills. These were extensively fragmented to form regularly distributed en échelon rectangular blocks commonly offset horizontally by several kilometers. Strike-slip faults and oblique, either normal or reverse, faults are present. These structures were reactivated along the main NE- and SW-oriented regional structural trends due to N-S-oriented horizontal compression and E-W-oriented horizontal extension in the late Pleistocene and Holocene. The extensive neotectonic faulting results from the interplay of plate motion and Andean uplifting since the late Pleistocene, combined with local stresses.

Keywords

Fluvial valleysDigital elevation modelLate Pleistocene–HoloceneIntraplate stressesNeotectonics
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 102 , July 2021 , pp. 205 - 221
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2021

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