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Δ14C and δ13C in Annual Tree-Ring Samples from Sequoiadendron Giganteum, AD 998–1510: Solar Cycles and Climate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 April 2019

C J Eastoe Open the ORCID record for C J Eastoe [Opens in a new window] ,
C S Tucek  and
R Touchan
C J Eastoe*
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA (retired)
C S Tucek
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA (retired)
R Touchan
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
*
*Corresponding author. Email: eastoe@email.arizona.edu.
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Abstract

Time series of annual Δ14C and δ13C in tree rings of Sequoiadendron giganteum, AD 998–1510, are similar in form. The Δ14C series completes, with data of Stuiver and Braziunas (1993), a 957-yr time-series. Discrete Fourier transformation of detrended Δ14C reveals periods of 126, 91, 56, 17.6, 13.6, 10.4, and 7.1 yr. Non-random differences exist between decadal averages of the Sequoiadendron Δ14C data and data of Stuiver and Becker (1993). Periods of 7–17 yr may correspond to Schwabe or related climatic cycles; these have 10–17-yr periods and amplitudes < 6‰ (AD 1100–1250), and periods near 7 yr with amplitudes up to 10‰ (AD 1380–1420). Abrupt increases in Δ14C are mainly less than 5‰, and do not constitute convincing evidence of increased 14C production from supernovae or solar proton events. The δ13C time-series is likely to reflect climate change, and for centennial periodicity lags behind Δ14C by 20–40 yr (centennial time-scale) and 25–50 yr (millennial). Phase-shifts between solar luminosity and surface Δ14C are 125–175 yr and 20 yr for millennial and centennial cycles, respectively. The study suggests that strongest climate effects may therefore follow peak luminosity by 125–175 yr for millennial cycles and 20–40 yr for centennial cycles.

Keywords

carbon-13carbon-14climate changesolar cyclestree rings
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 61 , Issue 3 , June 2019 , pp. 661 - 680
Copyright
© 2019 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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