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AMS 14C Dating of Preclassic to Classic Period Household Construction in the Ancient Maya Community of Cahal Pech, Belize

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2016

Claire E Ebert ,
Brendan J Culleton ,
Jaime J Awe  and
Douglas J Kennett
Claire E Ebert*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, 409 Carpenter Building, University Park, PA, USA.
Brendan J Culleton
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, 409 Carpenter Building, University Park, PA, USA.
Jaime J Awe
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, 5 E McConnell Dr., Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
Douglas J Kennett
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, 409 Carpenter Building, University Park, PA, USA.
*
*Corresponding author. Email: cebert@psu.edu.
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Abstract

Archaeologists have traditionally relied upon relative ceramic chronologies to understand the occupational histories of large and socially complex polities in the Maya lowlands. High-resolution accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating can provide independent chronological control for more discrete events that reflect cultural change through time. This article reports results of AMS 14C dating of stratified sequences at the residential group Tzutziiy K’in, associated with the major Maya polity of Cahal Pech in the Belize Valley. Cahal Pech is one of the earliest permanently settled sites in the Maya lowlands (1200 cal BC), and was continuously occupied until the Terminal Classic Maya “collapse” (~cal AD 800). We use Bayesian modeling to build a chronology for the settlement, growth, and terminal occupation of Tzutziiy K’in, and compare our results to chronological data from the monumental site core at Cahal Pech. The analyses indicate that Tzutziiy K’in was first settled by the Late Preclassic period (350–100 cal BC), concurrent with the establishment of several other large house groups and the growth of the Cahal Pech site core. Terminal occupation by high-status residents at this house group occurred between cal AD 850 and 900. This study provides a framework for interpreting patterns of spatial, demographic, and sociopolitical change between households and the Cahal Pech site core.

Keywords

AMS 14C datingBayesian analysisancient Mayahousehold archaeology
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 58 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 69 - 87
Copyright
© 2016 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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