Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T06:39:07.950Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Contribution of Radiocarbon Dating to New World Archaeology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

R E Taylor
R E Taylor*
Affiliation:
Radiocarbon Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 USA. Email: retaylor@citrus.ucr.edu.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

When introduced almost five decades ago, radiocarbon (14C) dating provided New World archaeologists with a common chronometric scale that transcended the countless site-specific and regional schemes that had been developed by four generations of field researchers employing a wide array of criteria for distinguishing relative chronological phases. A topic of long standing interest in New World studies where 14C values have played an especially critical role is the temporal framework for the initial peopling of the New World. Other important issues where 14C results have been of particular importance include the origins and development of New World agriculture and the determination of the relationship between the western and Mayan calendars. It has been suggested that the great success of 14C was an important factor in redirecting the focus of American archaeological scholarship in the 1960s from chronology building to theory building, led to a noticeable improvement in US archaeological field methods, and provided a major catalyst that moved American archaeologists increasingly to direct attention to analytical and statistical approaches in the manipulation and evaluation of archaeological data.

Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 42 , Issue 1 , 2000 , pp. 1 - 21
Copyright
Copyright © 2000 The Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Adovasio, JM, Pedler, DR. 1997. Monte Verde and the antiquity of humankind in the Americas. American Antiquity 71:573–580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adovasio, JM, Gunn, JD, Donahue, J, Stuckenrath, R. 1978. Meadowcroft Rockshelter, 1977: an overview. American Antiquity 43:632–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adovasio, JM, Donahue, J, Stuckenrath, R. 1980. Yes, Virignia, it really is that old: a reply to Haynes and Mead. American Antiquity 45: 588–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adovasio, JM, Donahue, J, Stuckenrath, R. 1992. Never say never again: some thoughts on could haves and might have beens. American Antiquity 57:327–31.Google Scholar
Adovasio, JM, Pedler, DR, Danahue, J, Stuckenrath, R. 1998. Two decades of debate on Meadowcroft Rockshelter. North American Archaeologist 19:317–41.Google Scholar
Aikens, CM. 1976. Cultural hiatus in the eastern Great Basin? American Antiquity 41:543–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, DD. 1987. Western Arctic and Sub-Arctic. In: Taylor, RE, Meighan, CW, editors. Chronologies in New World archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 29–50.Google Scholar
Andrews, EW 5th. 1978. Endnote: The northern Maya lowlands sequence. In: Taylor, RE, Meighan, CW, editors. Chronologies in New World archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 377–81.Google Scholar
Arnold, JR. 1992. The early years with Libby at Chicago: a retrospective. In: Taylor, RE, Long, A, Kra, RS, editors. Radiocarbon after four decades: an interdisciplinary perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 3–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arnold, JR, Libby, WF. 1949. Age determinations by radiocarbon content: checks with samples of known age. Science 110:678–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arnold, JR, Libby, WF. 1950. Radiocarbon dates (September 1, 1950). The University of Chicago, Institute for Nuclear Studies, 1950. 15 p.Google Scholar
Arnold, JR, Libby, WF. 1951. Radiocarbon dates. Science 113:111–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bacon, CR. 1983. Eruptive history of Mount Mazama and Crater Lake Caldera, Cascade Range, U.S.A. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 18:57–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bada, JL, Helfman, PM. 1975 Amino acid racemization dating of fossil bones. World Archaeology 7:160–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bada, JL, Schroeder, RA, Carter, GF. 1974. New evidence for the antiquity of man in North America deduced form aspartric acid racemization. Science 184:791–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumhoff, M, Heizer, RF. 1965. Postglacial climate and archaeology in the desert west. In: Wright, HE Jr, Frey, DG, editors. The Qyaternary of the United States, Part I, geology. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p 697–707.Google Scholar
Bell, R. 1951. Dendrochronology at the Kincaid site. In: Cole, FC, editor. Kincaid: a prehistoric llinois metropolis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 233–92.Google Scholar
Bell, R. 1952. Denchronology in the Mississippi Valley. In: Griffin, JB, editor. Archeology of the Eastern United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 345–51.Google Scholar
Berger, R, Libby, WF. 1967. UCLA radiocarbon dates VI. Radiocarbon 9:477–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berger, R, Libby, LM, editors. 1981. Radiocarbon and tritium. Volume 1. The publications of Willard Libby. Santa Monica: Geo Science Analytical Inc.Google Scholar
Berger, R, Protsch, R, Reynolds, R, Rozaire, R, Sackett, JR. 1971. New radiocarbon dates based on bone collagen of California. Contributions of the California Archaeological Research Facility 12:43–49.Google Scholar
Betancourt, JL, Long, A, Donahue, DJ, Jull, AJT, Zabel, TH. 1984. Native or alien? The case for North American Corispermum L. (Chenopodiaceae). Science 311:653–5.Google Scholar
Bischoff, JL, Childers, WM. 1979. Temperature calibration of amino acid racemization: age implications for the Yuha skeleton. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 45:172–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bischoff, JL, Merriam, R, Childers, WM, Protsch, R. 1976. Antiquity of man in America indicated by radiometric dates on the Yuha burial site. Nature 261:128–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breternitz, DA, Swedlund, AC, Anderson, DC. 1971. An early burial from Gordon Creek, Colorado. American Antiquity 36:170–81.Google Scholar
Broecker, WS, Olson, EA, Bird, J. 1959. Radiocarbon measurements on sample of known age. Nature 183: 1582–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burky, RR, Kirner, DL, Taylor, RE, Hare, PE, Southon, JR. 1998. Radiocarbon dating of bone using gamma-car-boxyglutamic acid and alpha-carboxyglycine (aminomalonate). Radiocarbon 40(1):11–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Byers, DS, editor. 1967–1972. Prehistory of the Tehuacan Valley. 4 vol. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, JM. 1965. Radiocarbon dating in far northern archaeology. In: Chatters, RM, Olson, EA, compliers. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Radiocarbon and Tritium Dating. Springfield (Virginia): Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information. p 179–86.Google Scholar
Chatters, RM, Olson, EA, compilers. 1965. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Radiocarbon and Tritium Dating [Conf-650652]. Springfield (Virginia): Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information. 784 p.Google Scholar
Chrisman, D, MacNeish, RS, Mavalwala, J, Savage, H. 1996. Late Pleistocene human friction skin prints from Pendejo Cave, New Mexico. American Antiquity 61:357–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, JD. 1979. Radiocarbon dating and African archaeology. In: Berger, R, Suess, HE, editors. Radiocarbon dating. Berkeley: University of California Press. p 7–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, MB. 1999. Reply to Fiedel, Part II. Discovering Archaeology [special report] 1(6):14–5.Google Scholar
Coe, MD, Diehl, RA. 1980. In the Land of the Olmec: the Archaeology of San Lorenzo Tenochititlan. 2 vols. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Conrad, N, Asch, DL, Asch, NB, Elmore, D, Gove, H, Rubin, M, Brown, JA, Wiant, MD, Farnsworth, KB, Cook, TG. 1984. Accelerator radiocarbon dating of evidence for prehistoric horticulture in Illinois. Nature 308:443–6.Google Scholar
Crook, WW Jr, Harris, RK. 1958. A Pleistocene campsite near Lewisville, Texas. American Antiquity 23:233–46.Google Scholar
Daniel, G. 1967. The origin and growth of archaeology. New York: Crowell. 298 p.Google Scholar
Dean, JS. 1978. Independent dating in archaeological analysis. In: Schiffer, MB, editor. Advances in archaeological method and theory. New York: Academic Press. p 223–65.Google Scholar
Dick, HW. 1965. Bat Cave. School of American Research Monograph No. 27.Google Scholar
Dillehay, TD. 1989. Monte Verde: a late Pleistocene settlement in Chile 2: the archeological context. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Dillehay, TD. 1997. Monte Verde: a Late Pleistocene settlement in Chile 1: the archeological context. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Dillehay, TD, Meltzer, DJ, editors. 1991. The first americans: search and research. Boca Raton: CRC Press.Google Scholar
Dillehay, TD, Pino, M, Rossen, J, Ocampo, C, Rivas, P, Pollack, D, Henderson, G. 1999. Reply to Fiedel, Part 1. Discovering Archaeology [special report] 1(6):12–4.Google Scholar
Dincauze, D. 1981. The Meadowcroft papers. Quaterly Review of Archaeology 2:(1):3–4.Google Scholar
Drucker, P, Heizer, RF, Squier, RJ. 1957. Radiocarbon dates from La Venta, Tabasco. Science 126:72–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ennis, P, Noltmann, EA, Hare, PE, Slota, PJ Jr, Payen, LA, Prior, CA, Taylor, RE. 1986. Use of AMS analysis in the study of problems in aspartic acid racemization-deduced age estimates on bone. Radiocarbon 28(2B):539–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fedick, SL, Taube, KA. 1992. The role of radiocarbon datging in Maya archaaeology: four decades of research. In: Taylor, RE, Long, A, Kra, RS editors. Radiocarbon after four decades: an interdisciplinary perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag. p 403–20.Google Scholar
Fergusson, GJ, Libby, WF. 1963. UCLA radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 5:1–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fiedel, SJ. 1999. Artifact Provenience at Monte Verde: confusion and contradictions. Discovering Archaeology [special report] 1(6):1–12.Google Scholar
Gittins, GO. 1984. Radiocarbon chronometry and archaeological thought. Unpublished PhD dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Green, TJ, Cochran, B, Fenton, TW, Woods, JC, Titmus, GL, Tieszen, L, Davis, MA, Miller, SJ. 1998. The Buhl Burial: a Paleoindian woman from southern Idaho. American Antiquity 63:457–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffin, J. 1946. Cultural change and continuity in Eastern United States archaeology. In: Johnson, F, editor. Man in northeastern North America. Papers of the Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology 3. p 37–95.Google Scholar
Griffin, J. 1952. Archaeology of the eastern United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Griffin, J. 1965. Radiocarbon dating and the cultural sequence in the eastern United States. In: Chatters, RM, Olson, EA, compliers. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Radiocarbon and Tritium Dating. Springfield (Virginia): Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information. p 117–30.Google Scholar
Griffin, J. 1967. Eastern North American archaeology: a summary. Science 156:175–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffin, J. 1968. Northeast Asian and northwesern American ceramics. Proceedings of the VIIIth International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences 3:327–30.Google Scholar
Griffin, J. 1978. Eastern United States. In: Taylor, RE, Meighan, CW, editors. Chronologies in New World archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 51–70.Google Scholar
Haas, H, Holliday, V, Stuckenrath, R. 1986. Dating of Holocene stratigraphy with soluble and insoluble organic fractions at the Lubbock Lake archaeolopgy site, Texas: an ideal case study. Radiocarbon 28(2B):473–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallet, DJ, Hills, LV, Clague, JJ. 1997 New accelerator mass spectrometry radiocasrbon ages for the Mazama tephra layer from Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34:1202–9.Google Scholar
Hard, RJ, Roney, JR. 1998. A massive terraced village complex in Chihuahua, Mexico, 3000 years before present. Science 279:1661–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harrington, MR. 1954. The oldest camp-fires. The Masterkey 28:233–4.Google Scholar
Harrington, MR, Simpson, RE. 1961. Tule Springs, Nevada with other evidence of Pleistocene man in North America. Southwest Museum Papers No. 18. Los Angeles: Southwest Museum.Google Scholar
Hart, JP, Scarry, C. 1999. The age of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Northeastern United States. American Antiquity 64:653–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1965. Carbon-14 dates and early man in the new world. In: Chatters, RM, Olson, EA, compilers. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Radiocarbon and Tritium Dating. Springfield (Virginia): Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information. p 145–64.Google Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1980. Paleoindian charcoal from Meadowcroft Rockshelter: is contamination a problem? American Antiquity 45:582–587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1982. Were Clovis progenitors in Beringia? In: Hopkin, DM, Matthews, JV, Schweger, CE, Young, SB, editors. Paleoecology of Beringia. New York: Academic Press. p 383–98.Google Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1984. Stratigraphy and late Pleistocene extinction. In: Martin, PS, Klein, RG, editors. Quaternary extinctions: a prehistoric evolution. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.Google Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1988. Geofacts and fancy. Natural History 2/88:4–12.Google Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr. 1991. Geoarchaeological and paleohydrological evidence for a Clovis-age drought in North America and its bearing on extinction. Quaternary Research 35:438–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr, Agogino, G. 1960. Geological significance of a new radiocarbon date from the Lindenmeir site. Denver Museum of Natural History Proceedings. Number 9. Denver: Denver Museum of Natural History. 23 p.Google Scholar
Haynes, CV Jr, Doberenz, AR, Allen, JA. 1966. Geological and geochemical evidence concerning the antiquity of bone tools from Tule Springs, site 2, Clark County, Nevada. American Antiquity 31:517–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedges, REM. 1997. Radiocarbon dating—50 years on. Education in Chemistry 27:157–159,164.Google Scholar
Hedges, REM, Law, IA. 1989. The radiocarbon dating of bone. Applied Geochemistry 4:233–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedges, REM, Van Klinken, GJ. 1992. A review of current approaches in the pretreatment of bone for radiocarbon dating by AMS. Radiocarbon 34(3):279–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heizer, RF, Brooks, RA. 1965. Lewisville—ancient campsite or wood rat houses? Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 21:155–65.Google Scholar
Heizer, RF, Hester, TR. 1978. Great Basin. In: Taylor, RE, Meighan, CW, editors. Chronologies in New World Archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 147–99.Google Scholar
Hester, TR. 1973. Chronological ordering of Great Basin prehistory. University of California Archaeological Research Facility Contributions 17. Berkeley: University of California.Google Scholar
Holliday, V, Johnson, E. 1986. Re-evaluation of the first radiocarbon age for the Folsom culture. American Antiquity 51:332–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irving, WN. 1985. Context and chronology of early man in the Americas. Annual Review of Anthropology 14: 529–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Irving, WN, Harrington, CR. 1973. Upper Pleistocene radiocarbon-dated artifacts from the Northern Yukon. Science 179:335–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, F. 1948. American Archaeology, 1947. American Journal of Archaeology 52:344–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, F. 1950. American Archaeology, 1949. American Journal of Archaeology 54:235–53.Google Scholar
Johnson, F. 1951. Introduction. Radiocarbon dating. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology 8: 1–3. (American Antiquity 17(1)[part 2]:1–3).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, F. 1952. The significance of the dates for archaeology and geology. In: Libby, WF, editor. Radiocarbon dating. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 97–111.Google Scholar
Johnson, F. 1955. Reflections upon the significance of radiocarbon dates. In: Libby, WF, editor. Radiocarbon dating. Second edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p 141–61.Google Scholar
Johnson, F. 1965. The impact of radiocarbon dating upon archaeology. In: Chatters, RM, Olson, EA, compliers. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Radiocarbon and Tritium Dating. Springfield (Virginia): Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information. p 762–80.Google Scholar
Johnson, F, MacNeish, RS. 1972. Chronology of the Tehuacan Valley. In: Byers, DS, editor. Prehistory of the Techuacan Valley, Volume 4. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, F, Willis, EH. 1970. Reconciliation of radiocarbon and sideral years in Meso-American chronology. In: Olsson, IU, editor. Radiocarbon variations and absolute chronology. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell. p 93–104.Google Scholar
Johnson, F, Rainey, F, Collier, D, Flint, RF. 1951. Radiocarbon dating, a summary. Radiocarbon dating. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology 8:59–63. [American Antiquity 17(1, part 2):59–63].Google Scholar
Kaufman, TS. 1980. Early prehistory of the Clear Lake area, Lake County, California. PhD dissertation. University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Kelley, DH. 1983. The Maya calendar correlation problem. In: Leventhal, RM, Lolata, LM, editors. Civilization in the ancient Americas, essays in honor of Gordon R. Willey. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. p 157–86.Google Scholar
Kirner, DL, Burky, R, Selsor, K, George, D, Taylor, RE, Southon, JR. 1997. Dating the Spirit Cave Mummy: the value of reexamination. Nevada Historical Society Quarterly 40:54–6.Google Scholar
Kovar, AJ. 1966. Problems in radiocarbon dating at Teotihuacan. American Antiquity 31:427–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulp, JL, Feely, HW, Tryon, LE. 1951. Lamont natural radiocarbon measurements, I. Science 114:565–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libby, WF. 1946. Atmospheric Helium three and radiocarbon from cosmic radiation. Physical Review 69: 671–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Libby, WF. 1951. Radiocarbon dates, II. Science 114: 291–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libby, WF. 1952. Radiocarbon dating. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 124 p.Google Scholar
Libby, WF. 1954. Chicago radiocarbon dates V. Science 120:733–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libby, WF. 1955. Radiocarbon dating. 2nd edition. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 175 p.Google Scholar
Libby, WF. 1967. History of radiocarbon dating. Radioactive dating and methods of low level counting. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. p 3–25.Google Scholar
Libby, WF, Anderson, EC, Arnold, JR. 1949. Age determination by radiocarbon content: world wide assay of natural radiocarbon. Science 109:227–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Long, A, Benz, BF, Donahue, DJ, Jull, AJT, Toolin, LJ. 1989. First direct AMS dates on early Maize from Tehuacán, Mexico. Radiocarbon 31(3):1035–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lynch, TF. 1990. Glacial-age man in South America: a critical review American Antiquity 55:12–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacNeish, RS. 1996. Federick Johnson 1904–1994 (obituary). American Antiquity 61:269–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madson, DB, Berry, MS. 1975. A reassessment of northeastern Great Basin prehistory. American Antiquity 40:391–405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mead, JI. 1980. Is it really that old? A comment about the Meadowcroft Rockshelter “overview”. American Antiquity 45:579–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meltzer, DJ. 1989. Why don't we know when the first people came to North America? American Antiquity 54:471–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meltzer, DJ, Adovasio, JM, Dillehay, TD. 1994. On a Pleistocene human occupation at Pedra Furada, Brazil. Antiquity 68:695–714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meltzer, DJ, Grayson, DK, Ardile, G, Barker, AW, Dincauze, DF, Haynes, CV, Mena, F, Nunez, L, Stanford, DJ. 1997. On the Pleistocene antiquity of Monte Verde, Southern Chile. American Antiquity 62:659–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Minnis, PE. 1992. Earliest plant cultivation in the desert boarderlands of North America. In: Cowan, CW, Watson, PJ, editors. The origins of agriculture. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press. p 121–41.Google Scholar
Nelson, DE, Moreland, RE, Vogel, JS, Southern, JR, Harington, CR. 1986. New radiocarbon dates on artifacts from the northern Yukon Territory: Holocene not upper Pleistocene in age. Science 232:749–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Neustupny, E. 1970. The accuracy of radiocarbon dating. In: Olsson, IU, editor. Radiocarbon variations and absolute chronology. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell. p 23–34.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, editor. 1970. Radiocarbon variations and absolute chronology. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell. 652 p.Google Scholar
Payen, L, Taylor, RE. 1977. Man and Pleistocene fauna at Potter Creek Cave, California. Journal of California Anthropology 3:51–8.Google Scholar
Payen, LA. 1982. The pre-Clovis of North America: temporal and artifactual evidence. PhD dissertation. University of California, Riverside.Google Scholar
Payen, LA, Rector, CH, Ritter, E, Taylor, RE, Ericson, JE. 1978. Comments on the Pleistocene age assignment and association of a human burial from the Yuha Desert, California. American Antiquity 43:448–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, P, Ford, J, Griffin, JB. 1951. Archaeological survey in the lower Mississippi alluvial valley 1940–1947. Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology. Volume 25. Cambridge: Peabody Museum.Google Scholar
Rainey, FG. 1941. Eskimo prehistory: the Okvik site on the Punuk Islands. American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers 37:453–569.Google Scholar
Ralph, EK. 1965. Review of radiocarbon dates from Tikal and the Maya calendar correlation problem. American Antiquity 30:421–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ralph, EK. 1971. Carbon-14 dating. In: Michael, HN, Ralph, EK, editors. Dating techniques for the archaeologist. Cambridge: The MIT Press. p 1–48.Google Scholar
Renfrew, C. 1974. Before civilization, the radiocarbon revolution and prehistoric Europe. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Riley, TJ, Walz, GR, Baries, CJ, Fortier, AC, Parker, K. 1994. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates confirm early Zea Mays in the Mississippi River Valley. American Antiquity 59:490–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ritchie, WA. 1969. The archaeology of New York State. Garden City: Natural History Press.Google Scholar
Roberts, FHH. 1951. Radiocarbon dates and early man. In: Johnson F, assembler. Radiocarbon dating. Society for American Archaeology Memoirs 8:20–21. [American Antiquity 17,(1) part 2].CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rohn, AH. 1978. American Southwest. In: Taylor, RE, Meighan, CW, editors. Chronologies in New World archaeology. New York: Academic Press. p 51–70.Google Scholar
Saatterthwaite, L. 1956. Radiocarbon dates and the correltaion problem. American Antiquity 21:416–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Satterthwaite, L, Ralph, EK. 1960. New radiocarbon dates and the Maya correlation problem. American Antiquity 26:165–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sears, PB. 1932. The archaeology of environment in Eastern North America. American Anthropologist 34:610–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, AH. 1986. New evidence for the early use of cultigens in the American southwest. American Antiquity 51:73–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stafford, TW, Duhamel, RC, Haynes, CV Jr, Brendel, K. 1982. The isolation of proline and hydroyproline from fossil bone. Life Science 31:931–8.Google Scholar
Stafford, TW, Jull, AJT, Zabel, TH, Donahue, DJ, Duhamel, RC, Brendel, K, Haynes, CV Jr, Bishoff, JL, Payen, LA, Taylor, RE. 1984. Holocene age of the Yuha burial: direct radiocarabon determinations by accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature 308:446–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stafford, TW, Hare, PE, Currie, L, Jull, AJT, Donahue, DJ. 1990. Accuracy of North American human skeleton ages. Quaternary Research 34:111–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stafford, TW Jr, Hare, PE, Currie, L, Jull, AJT, Donahue, DJ. 1991. Accelerator radiocarbon dating at the molecular level. Journal of Archaeological Sciences 18: 35–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stanford, DJ. 1982. A critical review of archaeological evidence relating to the antiquity of human occupation of the New World. Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology 30:202–18.Google Scholar
Stoltman, J. 1978. Temporal models in prehistory: an example from Eastern North America. Current Anthropology 19:703–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Southon, JR, Brown, TA. 1995. The GISP2 ice core record of volcanism since 7000 BC: comment. Science 267: 256–7.Google Scholar
Suess, HE. 1954. U.S. Geological Survey radiocarbon dates I. Science 120:467–73.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tagg, MD. 1996. Early cultigens from Fresnal Shelter, Southeastern New Mexico. American Antiquity 61: 311–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tankersley, KB, Munson, CA. 1992. Comments on the Meadowcroft Rockshelter radiocarbon chronology and the recognition of coal contaminants. American Antiquity 57:321–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1975. UCR radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 17(3):396–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1978. Radiocarbon dating: an archaeological perspective. In: Carter, GF, editor. Archaeological chemistry II. Washington: American Chemical Society. p 33–69.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1987. Radiocarbon dating: an archaeological perspective. Orlando: Academic Press. 212 p.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1991. Frameworks for dating the late Pleistocene peopling of the Americas. In: Dillehay, TD, Meltzer, DJ, editors. The first Americans: search and research. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p 77–112.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1992. Radioisotope dating by accelerator mass spectrometry: archaeological and paleoanthro-pological perspectives. In: Goksu, HY, Obserhofer, M, Regulla, D, editors. Scientific dating methods. Dordrecht (Netherlands): Kluwer Academic Publishers. p 37–54.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1994. Radiocarbon dating of bone using accelerator mass spectrometry: current discussions and future directions. In: Bonnickson, R, Steele, DG, eds. Method and theory for investigating the peopling of the Americas. Corvallas: Oregon State University, Center for the Study of the First Americans. p 27–44.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 1997. Radiocarbon dating. In: Taylor, RE, Ait-ken, MJ, editors. Chronometric dating in archaeology. New York: Plenum Press. p 65–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE. 2000a. Archaeometry and the “Two Cultures Effect” in American anthropological archaeology. In: Rice, P, Rice, D, editors. The past and future of anthropologcial archaeometry. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE. 2000b. Fifty years of radiocarbon dating. American Scientist 88(1):60–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Payen, LA, Gerow, B, Donahue, DJ, Zabel, TH, Jull, AJT, Damon, PE. 1983. Middle Holocene age of the Sunnyvale human skeleton. Science 220:1271–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, RE, Payen, LA, Prior, CA, Slota, PJ Jr, Gillespie, R, Gowlett, JAJ, Hedges, REB, Jull, AJT, Zabel, TH, Donahue, DJ, Berger, R. 1985. Major revisions in the Pleistocene age assignments for North American human skeletons by 14C accelerator mass spectrometry: none older than 11,000 14C years B.P American Antiquity 50:136–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Payen, LA, Slota, PJ Jr. 1992. The age of the Calaveras Skull: dating the “Piltdown Man” of the New World. American Antiquity 57:269–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Hare, PE, Prior, CA, Kirner, DL, Wan, L, Burky, RR. 1995. Radiocarbon dating of biochemically characterized hair. Radiocarbon 37(2):319–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Haynes, CV Jr, Stuiver, M. 1996. Clovis and Folsom age estimates: stratigraphic context and radiocarbon calibration. Antiquity 70:515–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Kirner, DL, Southon, JR, Chatters, JC. 1998. Radiocarbon age of Kennewick Man. Science 280: 1171–2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, RE, Haynes, CV Jr, Kirner, DL, Southon, JR. 1999. Analysis of modern organics at Monte Verde, Chile: no evidence for a local reservoir effect. American Antiquity 64:455–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, JES. 1960. Maya hieroglyphic writing: an introduction. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.Google Scholar
Wilke, PJ. 1978. Cairn burials of the California deserts. American Antiquity 43:444–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willey, GR, Phillips, P. 1958. Method and theory in American archaeology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Wilmsen, EN. 1965. An outline of early man studies in the United States. American Antiquity 31:172–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wormington, HM. 1957. Ancient man in North America. Denver: Denver Museum of Natural History.Google Scholar
Wormington, HM, Ellis, D, editors. 1967. Pleistocene studies in southern Nevada. Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers, No. 13. Carson City: Nevada State Museum. 409 p.Google Scholar
Zdanowicz, CM, Zielinski, GA, Germani, MS. 1999. Mount Mazama eruption: caldendrical age verified and atmospheric impact assessed. Geology 27:621–4.2.3.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar