Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-d8cs5 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-01-27T08:08:57.900Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Southwest Subtropical Pacific Surface Water Radiocarbon in a High-Resolution Coral Record

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Thomas P Guilderson ,
Daniel P Schrag ,
Ethan Goddard ,
Michaele Kashgarian ,
Gerard M Wellington  and
Braddock K Linsley
Thomas P Guilderson
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Daniel P Schrag
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Ethan Goddard
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Geochemical Oceanography, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
Michaele Kashgarian
Affiliation:
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
Gerard M Wellington
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
Braddock K Linsley
Affiliation:
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

We have generated a high-resolution coral Δ14C record from the southwest subtropical Pacific spanning the last 50 yr. Prebomb (1950–1956) Δ14C values average −52%. Values begin to increase in 1957, reaching a maximum in the early 1970s, about 10 yr after the atmospheric peak. There is a consistent 10–15% seasonal cycle whose relationship with vertical mixing evolves as a consequence of the penetration of the bomb transient into subsurface waters. Comparison of this record with that simulated in an ocean general circulation model highlights the difficulty in modeling vertical exchange processes.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 42 , Issue 2 , 2000 , pp. 249 - 256
Copyright
Copyright © 2000 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Broecker, WS, Peng, T-H, Östlund, G, Stuiver, M. 1985. The distribution of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 90:6953–70.Google Scholar
Bryden, HL, Brady, EC. 1985. Diagnostic model of the 3-dimensional circulation in the upper equatorial Pacific ocean. Journal of Physical Oceanography 15:1255–73.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, JC et al. 1990. LLNL/UC AMS facility and research program. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B52:269–72.Google Scholar
Druffel, ERM. 1987. Bomb radiocarbon in the Pacific: annual and seasonal timescale variations. Journal of Marine Research 45:667–98.Google Scholar
Druffel, ERM, Griffin, S. 1995. Regional variability of surface ocean radiocarbon from southern Great Barrier Reef corals. Radiocarbon 37(2):517–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffy, PB, Caldeira, K. 1995. Three-dimensional model calculation of ocean uptake of bomb 14C and implications for the global budget of bomb 14C. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9:373–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gu, D, Philander, SGH. 1997. Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchanges between the tropics and extratropics. Science 275:805–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guilderson, TP, Schrag, DP. 1998. Abrupt shift in subsurface temperatures in the Eastern Tropical Pacific associated with recent changes in El Niño. Science 281: 240–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guilderson, TP, Schrag, DP, Kashgarian, M, Southon, J. 1998. Radiocarbon variability in the western equatorial Pacific inferred from a high-resolution coral record from Nauru Island. Journal of Geophysical Research 103:24641–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guilderson, TP, Caldeira, K, Duffy, PB. 1999. Radiocarbon as a diagnostic tracer in ocean and carbon cycle modeling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles. Forthcoming.Google Scholar
Houghton, JT et al. 1996. Climate change 1995, the science of climate change. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge. 572 p.Google Scholar
Kaplan, A. 1998. Analyses of global sea surface temperature 1856–1991. Journal of Geophysical Research 103:18,567–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Key, RM, Quay, PD, Jones, GA, McNichol, AP, Von Reden, K, Schneider, R. 1996. WOCE AMS radiocarbon I: Pacific Ocean results (P6, P16, and P17). Radiocarbon 38(3):425–518.Google Scholar
Knauss, JA. 1966. Further measurements and observations on the Cromwell Current. Journal of Marine Research 24:205–40.Google Scholar
Legler, DM, O'Brien, JJ. 1988. Tropical Pacific wind stress analysis for TOGA, IOC Time series of ocean measurements. IOC Technical Series 33, Vol 4. UNESCO (digitally updated).Google Scholar
Levitus, S, Boyer, T. 1994. World ocean atlas 1994. Washington DC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of Commererce. Vol 4. 117 p.Google Scholar
Linick, TW. 1978. La Jolla measurements of radiocarbon in the oceans. Radiocarbon 20(3):333–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manning, MR, Melhuish, WH. 1994. Atmospheric ?14C record from Wellington. In: Boden, TA, editor. Trends '93: a compendium of data on global change. Oak Ridge, Tennessee: Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center Publication. ORNL/CDIAC-65. p 193–202.Google Scholar
Monterey, GI, Levitus, S. 1997. Seasonal variability of mixed layer depth for the world ocean . Washington DC: US Goverment Printing Office. NOAA NESDIS Atlas 14.Google Scholar
Moore, MD, Schrag, DP, Kashgarian, M. 1997. Coral radiocarbon constraints on the source of the Indonesian throughflow. Journal of Geophysical Research 102: 12,359–65.Google Scholar
Pickard, GL, Emery, WJ. 1982. Descriptive physical oceanography. New York: Permagon Press. 249 p.Google Scholar
Östlund, G, Stuiver, M. 1980. GEOSECS Pacific radiocarbon. Radiocarbon 22(1):25–53.Google Scholar
Quay, PD, Stuiver, M, Broecker, WS. 1983. Upwelling rates for the equatorial Pacific Ocean derived from the bomb 14C distribution. Journal of Marine Research 41:769–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rajagopalan, B, Lall, U, Cane, MA. 1997. Anomalous ENSO occurrences: an alternate view. Journal of Climate 10:2351–7.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, RW, Smith, TM. 1994. Improved global sea surface temperature analyses. Journal of Climate 7:929–48.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodgers, KB, Schrag, DP, Cane, MA, Naik, NH. 1999. The bomb-14C transient in the Pacific ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research. Forthcoming.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodgers, KB, Cane, MA, Schrag, DP. 1997. Seasonal variability of sea surface ?14C in the equatorial Pacific in an ocean circulation model. Journal of Geophysical Research 102:18627–39.Google Scholar
Schrag, DP. 1999. Rapid analysis of high-precision Sr/Ca ratios in corals and other marine carbonates. Paleoceanography 14:97–102.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M, Polach, HA. 1977. Discussion and reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon 19(3):355–363.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M, Pearson, GW Braziunas, T. 1986. Radiocarbon age calibration of marine samples back to 9000 cal yr BP. Radiocarbon 28(2B):980–1021.Google Scholar
Toggweiler, JR, Dixon, K, Broecker, WS. 1991. The Peru upwelling and the ventilation of the South Pacific thermocline. Journal of Geophysical Research 96: 20467–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trenberth, KE, Hoar, TJ. 1996. The 1990–1995 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event: longest on record. Geophysical Research Letters 23:57–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsuchiya, M, Lukas, R, Fine, RA, Firing, E, Lindstrom, E. 1968. Upper waters of the intertropical Pacific Ocean. Johns Hopkins Oceanographic Studies 4. 50 p.Google Scholar
Tsuchiya, M et al. 1989. Source waters of the Pacific equatorial undercurrent. Progress in Oceanography 23:101–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogel, JS, Southon, JR, Nelson, DE. 1987. Catalyst and binder effects in the use of filamentous graphite for AMS. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B29:50–6.Google Scholar
Wyrtki, K, Kilonsky, B. 1984. Mean water and current structure during the Hawaii to Tahiti shuttle experiments. Journal of Physical Oceanography 14:242–54.Google Scholar
Zebiak, SE, Cane, MA. 1991. Natural climate variability in a coupled model . New York: Elsevier. p 457–70.Google Scholar