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A Tentative Determination of Upwelling Influence on the Paleo-Surficial Marine Water Reservoir Effect in Southeastern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Rodolfo J Angulo ,
Paula J Reimer ,
Maria C de Souza ,
Rita Scheel-Ybert ,
Maria C Tenório ,
Sibelle T Disaró  and
Maria D Gaspar
Rodolfo J Angulo
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros (LECOST), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Paula J Reimer
Affiliation:
School of Archaeology and Palaeoecology, 14CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
Maria C de Souza
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Estudos Costeiros (LECOST), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Geologia, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Rita Scheel-Ybert
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Maria C Tenório
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Sibelle T Disaró
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Micropaleontologia, Centro de Estudos do Mar (CEM), Setor de Ciências da Terra, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Maria D Gaspar
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract

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Previous work has suggested that seasonal and interannual upwelling of deep, cold, radiocarbon-depleted waters from the South Atlantic has caused variations in the reservoir effect (R) through time along the southern coast of Brazil. This work aims to examine the possible upwelling influence on the paleoreservoir age of Brazilian surficial coastal waters based on paired terrestrial/marine samples obtained from archaeological remains. On the Brazilian coast, there are hundreds of shell middens built up by an ancient culture that lived between 6500 to 1500 yr ago, but there are few shell middens located on open-coast sites with a known upwelling influence. Three archaeological sites located in a large headland in Arraial do Cabo and Una de Cabo Frio on the southeastern coast of Brazil, with open-ocean conditions and a well-known strong and large upwelling of the Malvinas/Falkland current, were chosen for this study. The 14C age differences between carbonized seed and marine samples varied from 281 ± 44 to 1083 ± 51 14C yr. There are also significant age differences between carbonized seed samples (977 14C yr) and marine samples (200 and 228 14C yr) from the same archaeological layer that cannot be explained by a reservoir effect or an old-wood effect for charcoal. Therefore, the present data from the southeastern Brazilian coast are inconclusive for identifying an upwelling effect on R. To do so, it would be necessary to more precisely define the present–pre-bomb R in upwelling regions, and to analyze paired marine/terrestrial samples that are contemporaneous beyond doubt.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 49 , Issue 3 , 2007 , pp. 1255 - 1259
Copyright
Copyright © 2007 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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