Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T11:44:02.111Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Transfer of Bomb 14C to the Ocean Surface

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Reidar Nydal ,
Knut Lövseth  and
Fred H Skogseth
Reidar Nydal
Affiliation:
Radiological Dating Laboratory, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Knut Lövseth
Affiliation:
Radiological Dating Laboratory, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Fred H Skogseth
Affiliation:
Radiological Dating Laboratory, The Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Additional 14C data from the atmosphere and ocean have been provided since the ninth 14C conference in 1976. At the moment, one sampling station in the troposphere in each hemisphere seems to give sufficient accuracy for exchange studies. The 14C concentration in the troposphere in December 1978 constituted a mean value of 30 ± 1 percent (Δ14C) above normal level, a concentration that has been reduced to about one half during 12 years. 14C measurements have been performed with intervals of 1 to 4 months in the surface water of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In addition to the 14C data observed, the salinity and temperature are also measured. Because of earlier objections against storing sea water in steel drums on board ships for months before treatment, the CO2 has now been flushed out immediately after collection. The reliability of previous measurements has been confirmed with 10 parallel samples. 14C concentration in ocean surface on each location shows some seasonal variation due to variable exchange of water with deeper layers.

Type
Oceanography
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 22 , Issue 3: Heidelberg , 1980 , pp. 626 - 635
Copyright
Copyright © The American Journal of Science

References

Bien, G and Suess, H E, 1967, Tranfser and exchange of 14C between the armosphere and the surface water of the Pacific ocean, in Symposium on radioactive dating and methods of low-level counting: Internatl Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, UN Doc SM-87/55.Google Scholar
Craig, Harmon, 1957, The natural distribution of radiocarbon and the exchange time of carbon dioxide between atmosphere and sea: Tellus, v 9, p 1–17.Google Scholar
Craig, Harmon 1961, Mass-spectrometer analyses of radiocarbon standards: Radiocarbon, v 3, p 1-3.Google Scholar
Damon, P E, Lerman, J C, and Long, Austin, 1978, Transporal fluctuations of atmospheric 14C: Causal factors and implications: Ann Rev Earth Planetary Sci, v 6, p 457–494.Google Scholar
Levin, Ingeborg, Münnich, K O, and Weiss, Wolfgang, 1980, The effect of anthropogenic CO2 and 14C sources on the distribution of 14C in the atmosphere, in Stuiver, Minze and Kra, Renee, eds, Internatl radiocarbon conf, 10th, Proc: Radiocarbon, v 22, no. 2, p 379–391.Google Scholar
Münnich, K O and Roether, Wolfgang, 1967, Transfer of bomb 14C and tritium from the atmosphere to the ocean. Internal mixing of the ocean and the basis of tritium and 14C profiles, in Symposium on radioactive dating and methods of low-level counting: Internatl Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, UN Doc SM-87/22.Google Scholar
Nydal, Reidar 1963, Increase in radiocarbon from the most recent series of thermonuclear tests: Nature, v 6, p 212–214.Google Scholar
Nydal, Reidar 1968, Further investigation on the transfer of radiocarbon in nature: Jour Geophys Reseach, v 73, no. 12, p 3617–3635.Google Scholar
Nydal, Reidar, Lövseth, Knut, and Gulliksen, Steinar, 1979, A survey of radiocarbon variation in nature since the Test Ban Treaty, in Berger, Rainer and Suess, H E, eds, Radiocarbon dating, Internatl conf on radiocarbon dating, 9th, Proc: Berkeley/Los Angeles, Univ California Press, p 313–323.Google Scholar
Oeschger, Hans, Siegenthaler, Ulrich, Schotterer, Ulrich, and Gugelmann, A, 1975, A box diffusion model to study the carbon dioxide exchange in nature: Tellus, v 27, no. 2, p 167–191.Google Scholar
Rept, UN, 1962, Report on the United Nations scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiations: Supplement no. 16, A/5216, 442 p.Google Scholar
Rept, UN 1964, Report on the United Nations scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiations: Supplement no. 14, A/5814, 120 p.Google Scholar
Yearbook, SIPRI, 1975, 1977, and 1979, World armament and disarmaments: Stockholm, Almqvist and Wiksell.Google Scholar
Wallace, Davis Jr, 1977, Carbon-14 production in nuclear reactors: ORNL/NUREG/TM-12, National Technical Information Service, US Dept Commerce, Springfield, Virginia.Google Scholar
Zander, I and Araskog, R, 1973, Nuclear explosions 1945-1972, Basic data: Försvarets Forskningsanstalt, Avd 4, Stockholm, FOA 4, rept 4505-Al, 56 p.Google Scholar