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Upland Olive Domestication in the Chalcolithic Period: New 14C Determinations from El-Khawarij (Ajlun), Jordan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Jaimie L Lovell ,
John Meadows  and
Geraldine E Jacobsen
Jaimie L Lovell*
Affiliation:
Council for British Research in the Levant, 10 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AH, United Kingdom
John Meadows
Affiliation:
Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31–34 Gordon Square, London WC1H 0PY, United Kingdom
Geraldine E Jacobsen
Affiliation:
Institute for Environmental Research, ANSTO, PMB 1, Menai NSW 2234, Australia
*
Corresponding author. Email: j.lovell@kenyon-institute.org.uk
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Abstract

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New radiocarbon results on olive stones from el-Khawarij date olive cultivation at this site, in the Jordanian highlands, to the last 2 centuries of the 5th millennium cal BC. This period also sees the emergence of olive cultivation at Teleilat Ghassul, by the Dead Sea. The 10 new AMS dates were deliberately obtained from carbonized olive stones in order to date the exploitation of olives at el-Khawarij, a late prehistoric settlement believed to have been reliant on olive production. The results reveal a much longer span of occupation than hitherto suspected, including 2 dates that may fall later than 3900 cal BC (particularly OZI221, 3950–3530 cal BC). These later dates are in line with dates from other upland sites in the region, and may strengthen suggestions that Chalcolithic settlement persisted for longer in better watered upland areas (Lovell 2002). Further, an early date from a sample in a rock-cut installation in Area A suggests a much earlier date for occupation at the site, implying that upland olive exploitation may have commenced before 4700–4450 cal BC.

Type
Archaeology
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 52 , Issue 2: 20th Int. Radiocarbon Conference Proceedings , 2010 , pp. 364 - 371
Copyright
Copyright © 2010 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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