Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-29T14:16:20.905Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterisation of background dose-rates for marine environments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2009

J. Barescut ,
H. Thørring ,
J. E. Brown  and
A. Hosseini
H. Thørring
Affiliation:
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, PO Box 55, 1332 Østerås, Norway
J. E. Brown
Affiliation:
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, PO Box 55, 1332 Østerås, Norway
A. Hosseini
Affiliation:
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, PO Box 55, 1332 Østerås, Norway
Get access

Abstract

Environmental risk assessment methodologies often require background dose-rates for wild flora and fauna to be derived in a robust and transparent way. To facilitate this task, information can be organised around reference organisms (ROs), entities that can be used as representatives of the broader ecosystem. In this study, generic datasets have been collated on levels of naturally occurring radionuclides in sediments, seawater and ROs for marine ecosystems. In some cases, data gap filling methods have been required owing to a paucity of information. Once full datasets have been acquired, dose conversion coefficients (DCCs) can be applied and dose-rate calculations can be performed probabilistically allowing the variability in the underlying datasets to be accounted for. Unweighted absorbed dose-rates for marine reference organisms lie between 0.02–1.2 µGy h-1, whereas weighted dose-rates fall in the range 0.08 µGy h-1 to 8.8 µGy h-1. Except for the special case of sea anemones/corals, the most important nuclides for the total dose-rates are 210Po and 226Ra for heterotrophic ROs (i.e. all vertebrate and invertebrate animals), whereas 226Ra and 228Th contribute most for autotrophic ROs (i.e. macroalgae, phytoplankton and aquatic plants). In addition, 40K has a considerable impact on unweighted dose-rates for all ROs. Non-parametric statistical tests have been applied to show whether there are differences between activity concentrations data for ROs and ICRP-defined Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs).

Type
Research Article
Information
Radioprotection , Volume 44 , Issue 5: ECORAD 2008 - Radioecology and Environmental Radioactivity , 2009 , pp. 595 - 600
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Pentreath R.J., Journal of Radiological Protection 22, 45–56 (2002).
ICRP, Annals of the ICRP 91, 201–266 (2003).
Brown J.E., Jones S.R., Saxén R., Thørring H. and Vives i Batlle J., Journal of Radiological Protection 24, A63–A77 (2004).
Larsson C.-M., An overview of the ERICA Integrated Approach to the assessment and management of environmental risks from ionising contaminants, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2008). doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.019.
ICRP, Annals of the ICRP (Volume) 37/2–4, 133–135 (2007).
Brown J.E., Alfonso B., Avila R., Beresford N.A., Copplestone D., Pröhl G. and Ulanovsky A., The ERICA Assessment Tool. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2008). doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.01.008 CrossRef
Harr M.E., Reliability-Based Design in Civil Engineering (McGraw-Hill, 1987).
IAEA, Sediment distribution coefficients and Concentration Factors for biota in the Marine Environment, Technical Reports Series No. 422. (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 2004).
Hosseini A., Thørring H., Brown J.E., Saxén R. and Ilus E., Transfer of radionuclides in aquatic ecosystems – default concentration ratios for aquatic biota in the Erica Tool, Journal of Environmental Radioactivity (2008). doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2008.01.012.
Pröhl G., Brown J., Gomez-Ros J.-M., Jones S., Woodhead D., Vives J., Taranenko V. and Thørring H., Dosimetric models and data for assessing radiation exposure to biota, Deliverable Report 3 for the EC Project FASSET - Contract No. FIGE-CT-2000-00102 (Swedish Radiation Protection Authority, Stockholm, 2003).
Chambers D.B., Osborne R.V. and Garva A.L., Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 87, 1–14 (2006). CrossRef
Tracy B.L. and Thomas P.A., An appropriate weighting factor for the effects of alpha radiation on non-human biota, in: Proceedings from the International Conference on radioactivity in the environment, Monaco, 2002, edited by P. Børretzen, T. Jølle and P. Strand (Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Østerås, 2002), pp. 65–68 (2002).
Cherry R.D. and Shannon L.V., Atom. Energy Rev. 12: 3–45 (1974).