Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T12:22:46.647Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Le tritium et l’environnement : sources, mesures et transferts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2008

P. Guétat ,
C. Douche  and
J. C. Hubinois
P. Guétat
Affiliation:
CEA, Centre de Valduc, 21120 Is-sur-Tille, France
C. Douche
Affiliation:
CEA, Centre de Valduc, 21120 Is-sur-Tille, France
J. C. Hubinois
Affiliation:
CEA, Centre de Valduc, 21120 Is-sur-Tille, France
Get access

Abstract

Dans le cadre d’une réflexion sur l’impact environnemental et sanitaire du tritium, un séminaire a été organisé par les experts de l’article 31 du traité Euratom en novembre 2007 à Luxembourg. Son objectif était de préciser les axes de recherches et développement et de déterminer des points réglementaires qui devaient être revus compte tenu de l’évolution des connaissances. Cet article présente les informations relatives aux sources et stocks actuels de tritium, rappelle succinctement les différentes techniques de mesure utilisables en considérant l’ensemble des besoins d’analyses, et présente à grand traits les connaissances principales et les incertitudes associées sur les transferts entre compartiments de la biosphère en conditions normales et accidentelles.

Keywords

Tritiumenvironmentsourcesmeasurementregulation
Type
Research Article
Information
Radioprotection , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , October 2008 , pp. 547 - 569
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alinorm (2006a) 06/29/12 Codex Alimentarius Commission report on the 38th session of the Codex Committee on food additive and contaminant, The Hague, Netherlands, 24-28 April 2006.
Alinorm (2006b) 06/29/41 Codex Alimentarius Commission 29th session, Geneva, Switzerland, 3-7 July 2006.
Barry, P.J., Watkins, B.M., Belot, Y., Davis, P.A., Edlund, O., Galeriu, D., Raskob, W., Russell, S., Togawa, O. (1999) Intercomparison of model predictions of tritium concentrations in soil and foods following acute airborne HTO exposure, J. Environm. Radioact. 42, 191-207. CrossRef
Batifol G., Séjournant C., Douche C. (2008) Tritium release reduction and radiolysis gas formation, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol. 54 (1), 215-218.
Carmin (2005) Comte A, CEA cellule Carmin-Tritium, Fiche radiotoxicologique.
Davis, P.A., Galeriu, D. (1995) Evolution of HTO concentrations in soil, vegetation and air during experimental chronic HT release in V Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion and Isotope Applications, Italy, May 1995, Fus. Technol. 28, 833. CrossRef
EC (1996) Council Directive 96/29/Euratom of 13 May 1996 laying down the basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers of ionising radiation, Official Journal of European Community, L159, European Commission.
Galeriu, D., Davis, P., Chouhan, S., Raskob, W. (1995) Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for the environmental tritium code UFOTRI, Fus. Technol. 28, 853-858. CrossRef
Galeriu D., Davis P., Raskob W., Melintescu A. (2008) Tritium radioecology and dosimetry – Today and tomorrow, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol. 54 (1), 237-242.
Guétat P., Patryl L. (2008) Environmental and Radiological Impact of Accidental Tritium Release, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol. 54 (1), 273-276.
Health Canada (2007) Canadian Guidelines for the Restriction of Radioactively Contaminated Food and Water Following a Nuclear Emergency.
IAEA (2007) EMRASS, hypothetical scenario to be published Draft on http://www-ns.iaea.org/projects/emras/emras-tritium-wg.htm.
ICRP Publication 63 (1991) Principles for intervention for protection of the public in a radiological emergency, Ann. ICRP 22(4).
Jones G.C. (2008) PWR Tritium Issues, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol., en cours de publication.
Maubert, H., Di Pace, L. (2008) Doses resulting from the inhalation of ITER generated tritiated dust, Radioprotection 43, 13-22. CrossRef
Mihok (2007) Tritium in precipitation in the vicinity of stacks at Canadian nuclear facilities, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol., en cours de publication.
Mutch R.D. Jr., Mahony J. (2008) A Study of Tritium in Municipal Solid Waste Leachate and Gas, Tritium 2007 “8th international conference on tritium sciences and technology Rochester”, Fus. Sci. Technol. 54 (1), 305-310.
OMS (2004) Organisation mondiale de la santé, Directives de qualité pour l’eau de boisson, http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/gdwq3rev/fr/index.html, Vol. 1, 3e édition, Genève, Suisse.
UNSCEAR (2000) Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. Report to the general assembly with scientific annexes, Volume 1.
US-DOE (2006) United States Department of Energy, Memorandum: Guidance on Deriving Intervention Levels for Tritium Contaminated Crops and Animal Feed for DOE Emergency Planning and Response Activities, May 2006.
Wallis M.K. (2005) UK regulatory Performance in practice, the Amersham Cardiff nuclear site, 7th SRP international symposium (12-17 June 2005).