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Les cellules souches mésenchymateuses favorisent la cicatrisation des lésions cutanées radio induites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2006

S. François ,
M. Mouiseddine ,
N. Mathieu ,
A. Semont ,
P. Monti ,
N. Dudoignon ,
A. Saché ,
A. Boutarfa ,
D. Thierry  and
P. Voisin
...Show all authors
S. François
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
M. Mouiseddine
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
N. Mathieu
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
A. Semont
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
P. Monti
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
N. Dudoignon
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
A. Saché
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
A. Boutarfa
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
D. Thierry
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
P. Voisin
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
P. Gourmelon
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
A. Chapel
Affiliation:
IRSN, Direction de radioprotection de l’Homme, B.P. 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
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Abstract

De nombreuses études suggèrent que les cellules souches adultes et plus particulièrement les cellules souches Mésenchymateuses humaines (CSMh) pourraient être utilisées pour réparer de nombreux organes. Nous avons étudié la capacité des CSMh à réduire les lésions cutanées radio induite. Pour induire des lésions sévères de la peau, des souris NOD/SCID ont été irradiées au niveau de la patte droite postérieure (30 Gy, débit 2,7 Gy/mn) en utilisant une source gamma au 60Co. Les CSMh ont été injectées 24 heures après irradiation par voie intraveineuse. La présence de cellules humaines, la sévérité des lésions et les processus de cicatrisation ont été étudiés sur les échantillons de peau prélevés de 3 à 8 semaines après irradiation. Nous avons pu observer que chez les souris greffées avec des CSMh, le niveau d’atteinte cutanée radio induite est significativement plus faible. Les scores cliniques utilisés pour l’étude de l’évolution des lésions cutanées de la peau sont significativement améliorés et une cicatrisation plus rapide est observée en comparaison des souris non injectées. La présence de cellules humaines a pu être détectée par PCR quantitative dans les zones cutanées en cours de cicatrisation. Ces résultats suggèrent premièrement que les CSMh sont capables de coloniser la peau altérée par les rayonnements ionisants et deuxièmement qu’elles accélèrent le processus de réparation de ce tissu limitant ainsi les complications tissulaires radio induites. La greffe de CSMh pourrait être un traitement thérapeutique efficace des phases précoces du syndrome cutané radio induit.

Keywords

mesenchymal stem cellshealingskin
Type
Research Article
Information
Radioprotection , Volume 41 , Issue 4 , October 2006 , pp. 441 - 454
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2006

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