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Décompositions des mesures d’inégalité : le cas des coefficients de Gini et d’entropie

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Stéphane Mussard  and
Michel Terraza
Stéphane Mussard
Affiliation:
LAMETA, Université Montpellier I
Michel Terraza
Affiliation:
LAMETA, Université Montpellier I
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Résumé

Les mesures d'inégalité du revenu rassemblent deux types d'indicateurs décomposables : les indices décomposables en sous-populations et les indices décomposables en sources de revenu. Les premiers permettent de partager l'inégalité totale en une inégalité intragroupe et une inégalité intergroupe et les seconds d'attribuer à chaque facteur de revenu (revenu du travail, revenu du capital, taxes, etc.) une part de l'inégalité totale. Dans cet article, nous examinons d'une part la construction de ces techniques et d'autre part nous relatons les débats auxquels elles ont aboutis et plus particulièrement celui de la convergence vers un emploi simultané des deux types de décomposition.

Summary

Summary

Income inequality measures involve two sub-classes of decomposable measures: those decomposed by sub-groups and those decomposed by income source. The former enables one to compute between- and within-group indices. The latter allows for gauging the inequality related to each factor of income (labour income, capital income, social taxes, etc.). The aim of this article is, on the one hand, to review the construction of the two decomposition techniques and, on the other hand, to point out the underlying debate they lead to, and particularly the convergence towards the use of a simultaneous method based on both decompositions.

Keywords

décompositionsentropieginiDecompositionsEntropyGini

JEL classification

D63: Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement D31: Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 75 , Issue 2 , June 2009 , pp. 151 - 181
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 2009 

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Footnotes

**

CEPS/INSTEAD Luxembourg, GREDI Université de Sherbrooke, LAMETA Université de Montpellier I. Adresse: LAMETA, UFR Sciences économiques, Université de Montpellier I, Avenue de la Mer, CS 79606, 34960 Montpellier cedex 2, France, E-mail: smussard@adm.usherbrooke.ca.

***

LAMETA, Université Montpellier I, E-mail: mterraza@lameta.univ-montp1.fr

*

Cette recherche est issu d'tn projet dont les premiers résultats furent présentés à l'institut mondial pour la recherche en économie du développement de l'Université des Nations Unies (WIDER 2003). Les auteurs remercient les Professeurs Camilo Dagum, Jacques Silber et Henri Caussinus pour leurs commentaires sur une version antérieure à ce papier. La version finale de se papier s'acheva lorsque Stéphane Mussard finissait ses recherches de post-doctorat au CEPS/INSTEAD Luxembourg. L'auteur remercie le CEPS/INSTEAD, Philippe Van Kerm, et le laboratoire GREDI de l'Université de Sherbrooke dans lequel il est chercheur associé.

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