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Precision planting impacts on winter cereal rye growth, nutrient uptake, spring soil temperature and adoption cost

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2021

Amir Sadeghpour Open the ORCID record for Amir Sadeghpour [Opens in a new window] ,
Oladapo Adeyemi ,
Dane Hunter ,
Yuan Luo  and
Shalamar Armstrong
Amir Sadeghpour*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL62901, USA
Oladapo Adeyemi
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL62901, USA
Dane Hunter
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL62901, USA
Yuan Luo
Affiliation:
Department of Plant, Soil, and Agricultural Systems, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL62901, USA
Shalamar Armstrong
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN47906, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Amir Sadeghpour, E-mail: amir.sadeghpour@siu.edu
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Abstract

Growing winter cereal rye (Secale cereale) (WCR) has been identified as an effective in-field practice to reduce nitrate-N and phosphorus (P) losses to Upper Mississippi River Basin, USA. In the Midwestern USA, growers are reluctant to plant WCR especially prior to corn (Zea mays L.) due to N immobilization and establishment issues. Precision planting of WCR or ‘skipping the corn row’ (STCR) can minimize some issues associated with WCR ahead of corn while reducing cover crop seed costs. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of ‘STCR’ vs normal planting of WCR at full seeding rate (NP) on WCR biomass, nutrient uptake and composition in three site-yrs (ARC2019, ARC2020, BRC2020). Our results indicated no differences in cover crop dry matter biomass production between the STCR (2.40 Mg ha−1) and NP (2.41 Mg ha−1) supported by similar normalized difference vegetative index and plant height for both treatments. Phosphorus, potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) accumulation in aboveground biomass was only influenced by site-yr and both STCR and NP removed similar amount of P, K, Ca and Mg indicating STCR could be as effective as NP in accumulating nutrients. Aboveground carbon (C) content (1086.26 kg h−1 average over the two treatments) was similar between the two treatments and only influenced by site-yr differences. Lignin, lignin:N and C:N ratios were higher in STCR than NP in one out of three site-yrs (ARC2019) indicating greater chance of N immobilization when WCR was planted later than usual. Implementing STCR saved $8.4 ha−1 for growers and could incentivize growers to adopt this practice. Future research should evaluate corn response to STCR compared with NP and assess if soil quality declines by STCR practice over time.

Keywords

Conventional seedingcover crop biomassecosystem servicesskipping the corn rowwinter cereal rye
Type
Preliminary Report
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 36 , Issue 4 , August 2021 , pp. 328 - 333
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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