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Experiments in international administration: The forgotten functionalism of James Arthur Salter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2015

LEONIE HOLTHAUS  and
JENS STEFFEK
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Abstract

In this article, we reintroduce the political thought of James Arthur Salter (1881–1975), a British diplomat, politician, and university professor, who made a seminal contribution to the emergence of International Relations theory in the interwar years. His academic writings were informed by his professional engagement with the Allied Maritime Transport Council (AMTC) during the First World War and the technical branches of the League of Nations. Salter promoted a distinctly transgovernmental form of expert cooperation in international advisory bodies connected to national ministries. His vision of a depoliticised transnational expertocracy inspired various IR functionalists, not least David Mitrany. Salter suggested such forms of governance also for British national politics, drawing what we call here an ‘international analogy’. His work illustrates very well how the emergence of IR theory was connected to broader trends in political theory, in particular in efforts at adapting democracy to the increasing complexities of industrial modernity.

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Articles
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Review of International Studies , Volume 42 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 114 - 135
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© 2015 British International Studies Association 

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Footnotes

*

The authors wish to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this article. Financial support by the DFG Cluster of Excellence ‘Formation of Normative Orders’ is gratefully acknowledged.

References

1 Traditions of thought are defined as common sets of ideas that are shared by several individuals for a clearly identifiable timeframe. Functionalism satisfies the criteria of an international tradition since functionalists agreed on particular views of international organisation and pluralist democracy. That functionalism overlaps at times with liberal internationalism does not undermine its quality as an independent tradition. See Bevir, Mark, ‘On tradition’, Humanitas, 8:2 (2000), pp. 28–53Google Scholar; Hall, Ian, Dilemmas of Decline: British Intellectuals and World Politics, 1945–1975 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2012)Google Scholar, ch. 2.

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