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Reflexiones en torno a la NEP y la estrategia de industrialización acelerada en la URSS, 1921–1929

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2010

Diego Azqueta
Diego Azqueta
Affiliation:
Universidad de Alcalá1
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Abstract

The Soviet Union experienced two very pronounced changes of direction in 1921 and 1929. At the beginning of the decade, the strategy of «War Communism» was abandoned, substituted by the completely different «New Economic Policy» (NEP); and changed again, at the end of those years, towards a strategy of forced industrialization based on the collectivisation of the agricultural sector. In recent years, some specialists have argued that this second change was unnecessary: i.e., rapid industrialization could have been achieved within the framework of NEP and the Law of Value. The purpose of this paper is to argue, from a theoretical point of view, and with the help of the model that best summarizes the strategy of rapid industrialization, that this new interpretation cannot be sustained, and that those authors that defended the incompatibility of NEP and rapid industrialization were correct.

Resumen

La década de los años veinte del siglo XX estuvo caracterizada en la URSS por dos cambios de rumbo muy significativos: el abandono del «Comunismo de Guerra» y su sustitución por la «Nueva Política Económica» (NEP) en 1921, y la adopción de una estrategia de industrialización acelerada, cristalizada en el Primer Plan Quinquenal (PPQ) de la economía, en 1929. En los últimos años, diversos especialistas han argumentado, en contra de la opinión tradicional, que la industrialización acelerada no tenía por qué haber implicado un abandono de la NEP, la supresión del mercado y la consiguiente colectivización de la agricultura, sino que hubiera podido mantenerse en el marco de la vigencia de la Ley del Valor. El presente trabajo trata de mostrar, desde una perspectiva teórica, y con ayuda del modelo más representativo de la filosofía del PPQ, que dicha interpretación no es correcta.

Keywords

N14N94B24O21
Type
Artículos
Information
Revista de Historia Economica - Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , December 2003 , pp. 593 - 622
Copyright
Copyright © Instituto Figuerola de Historia y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid 2003

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References

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