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Recent Approaches on Classification and Feature Extraction of EEG Signal: A Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2021

Pooja ,
SK Pahuja  and
Karan Veer Open the ORCID record for Karan Veer [Opens in a new window]
Pooja
Affiliation:
Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, DR B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
SK Pahuja
Affiliation:
Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, DR B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
Karan Veer*
Affiliation:
Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering, DR B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
*
*Corresponding author. Email: veerk@nitj.ac.in
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Abstract

Objective:

Electroencephalography (EEG) has an influential role in neuroscience and commercial applications. Most of the tools available for EEG signal analysis use machine learning to extract the required information. So, the study of robust techniques for feature extraction and classification is an important thing to understand the practical use of EEG. The paper aims that if there is any special tool for a particular task. Which feature domain or classifier has a significant role in EEG signal analysis?

Approach:

It presents a detailed report of the current trend for bio-electrical signals classification focusing on various classifiers’ advantages and disadvantages. This study includes literature from 2000 to 2021 with a brief description of EEG signal origin and advancement in classification techniques.

Results:

Randomly used classifiers for EEG signal can be categorized into five classes, namely Linear Classifiers, Nearest Neighbor Classifiers, Nonlinear Bayesian Classifiers, Neural Networks, and Combinations of Classifiers. Approximately 40% of studies use Support Vector Machine, Nearest Neighbor, and their combination with others. For specific tasks, particular classifiers are recommended in the survey. Features can be defined into four categories, namely TDFs, FDFs, TFDFs, and statistical features, where 39% of studies used TFDFs. Multi-domains features are preferred when the required information cannot be obtained from one domain.

Significance:

The paper summarizes the recent approaches for feature extraction and classification of EEG signals. It describes the brain waves with their classification, related behavior, and task with the physiological correlation. The comparative analysis of different classifiers, toolbox, the channel used, accuracy, and the number of subjects from various studies can help the practitioners choose a suitable classifier. Furthermore, future directions can cope up with the relevant problems and can lead to accurate classification.

Keywords

ElectroencephalographyBrain wavesFeature extractionTDFsFDFsTFDFsClassification
Type
Article
Information
Robotica , Volume 40 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 77 - 101
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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