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Aerobic environment ensures viability and anti-oxidant capacity when seeds are wet with negative effect when moist: implications for persistence in the soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2017

Angelino Carta ,
Stefania Bottega  and
Carmelina Spanò
Angelino Carta*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Unit of Botany, University of Pisa, via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Stefania Bottega
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Unit of Plant Physiology, University of Pisa, via L. Ghini 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Carmelina Spanò
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Unit of Plant Physiology, University of Pisa, via L. Ghini 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Angelino Carta, Email: acarta@biologia.unipi.it
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Abstract

Interchangeable effects of temperature, moisture content and oxygen on seed longevity have been mostly examined to estimate seed viability during long-term dry storage, whereas few experiments have studied seed viability under near-natural conditions to evaluate seed persistence in the soil. To this end, we artificially aged seeds of Ranunculus baudotii, a hydrophyte widely distributed in temporary ponds constituting an abundant soil seed bank. Seeds were exposed to controlled ageing at three different relative humidities (RH) under both aerobic and anoxic conditions. Their viability, water content, membrane damage, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant enzymatic defence activity were evaluated. Seed survival was longer at higher relative humidity (97% RH), and lowest at a relative humidity (90% RH) simulating moist but not waterlogged soils. Anoxic conditions showed a protective role on viability at lower moisture contents (70% RH). Seed viability was negatively associated with hydrogen peroxide content and correlated with anti-oxidant enzyme activities, but not with membrane damage. Altogether, these results suggest negative roles for moist soils and anoxia in determining seed persistence in the field, but at higher moisture contents the negative effects of anaerobia diminished. The anti-oxidant system activation, even under unfavourable conditions, might recover seeds once all protective processes can operate, pointing out the plasticity of mechanisms involved in seed loss viability.

Keywords

anti-oxidant enzymeshydrogen peroxidemembrane damageoxygenRanunculus baudotiiseed longevity
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 2018 , pp. 16 - 23
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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