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Effect of salinity on seed germination of five mangroves from Sri Lanka: use of hydrotime modelling for mangrove germination

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2018

Malaka M. Wijayasinghe Open the ORCID record for Malaka M. Wijayasinghe [Opens in a new window] ,
K.M.G. Gehan Jayasuriya ,
C.V.S. Gunatilleke ,
I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke  and
Jeffrey L. Walck
Malaka M. Wijayasinghe*
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
K.M.G. Gehan Jayasuriya
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
C.V.S. Gunatilleke
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Jeffrey L. Walck
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Malaka M. Wijayasinghe, Email: malakamadhu@gmail.com
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Abstract

Mangroves are highly adapted to extreme environmental conditions that occur at the interface of salt and fresh water. Adaptations to the saline environment during germination are a key to mangrove survival, and thereby, its distribution. The main objective of this research was to study the effect of salinity on seed germination of selected mangrove species and the application of a hydrotime model to explain the relationship between water potential of the medium and rate of seed germination. Germination of seeds was examined at 15, 25 and 35°C in light/dark over a NaCl gradient. Germination time courses were prepared, and germination data were used to investigate whether these species behave according to the principles of the hydrotime model. The model was fitted for the germination of Acanthus ilicifolius seeds at 25°C. Final germination percentage was significantly influenced by species, osmotic potential and their interaction at 25°C. Moreover, temperature had a clear effect on seed germination (Sonneratia caseolaris and Pemphis acidula) which interacted with osmotic potential. Only A. ilicifolius seeds behaved according to the hydrotime principles and thus its threshold water potential was –1.8 MPa. Optimum germination rates for seeds of the other species occurred at osmotic potentials other than 0 MPa. The descending order of salinity tolerance of the tested species was Aegiceras corniculatum > Sonneratia caseolaris > Acanthus ilicifolius > Pemphis acidula > Allophylus cobbe, suggesting that the viviparous species (A. corniculatum) is highly salt tolerant compared with the non-viviparous species. The results revealed that seeds of the study species exhibited facultative halophytic behaviour in which they can germinate over a broad range of saline environments. Use of a hydrotime model for mangroves was limited as germination of their seeds did not meet model criteria.

Keywords

germination ratehalophyteshydrotime modelwater potential
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 29 , Issue 1 , March 2019 , pp. 55 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

†

Current address: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, Pavia 27100, Italy

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