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Oxidant system and ABA drive germination in seeds of palm species with differences in desiccation tolerance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2022

Talita Raissa Silva Santos Open the ORCID record for Talita Raissa Silva Santos [Opens in a new window] ,
Elisa Monteze Bicalho Open the ORCID record for Elisa Monteze Bicalho [Opens in a new window]  and
Queila Souza Garcia Open the ORCID record for Queila Souza Garcia [Opens in a new window]
Talita Raissa Silva Santos
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
Elisa Monteze Bicalho
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento de Plantas, Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900, Brazil
Queila Souza Garcia*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil
*
*Author for Correspondence: Queila Souza Garcia, E-mail: queilagarcia@gmail.com
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Abstract

We investigated the thermal thresholds to seed germination and the variations in abscisic acid (ABA) levels and oxidative metabolism during seed dormancy-breaking and germination in two palm species with differences in desiccation tolerance. We used Mauritia flexuosa (buriti palm, desiccation-sensitive seeds) from swampy habitats (Veredas) and Attalea speciosa (babassu, desiccation-tolerant seeds) from the transition zone between the forest and semi-arid region (drained soils). Germination was evaluated at 15–40°C after dormancy-breaking (operculum removal). At optimal temperature for both species (30°C), embryos were sampled in distinct germination phases – dry, imbibed, after operculum removal and at early germination – and used for quantifying ABA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, antioxidant enzyme activities and for histolocalization of superoxide anion (O2−). Seeds of M. flexuosa germinated only in a narrow temperature range (25–35°C), while A. speciosa seeds germinated between 15 and 40°C. After operculum removal, reduced ABA levels in embryos of M. flexuosa were accompanied by constant H2O2 levels, while in A. speciosa, similar levels of ABA and H2O2 were maintained throughout all germination phases. The presence of O2− was restricted to the haustorium, and an increase in O2− accumulation was observed in both species after operculum removal. Similarities were noted between both species regarding enzyme activities; however, the activities were higher in embryos from M. flexuosa. The presence of O2− only in the haustorium indicates that this region of the embryo is an active structure following imbibition and is involved in germination itself, not just functioning in reserve mobilization.

Keywords

Arecaceaedesiccation toleranceorthodox seedoxidative signallingrecalcitrant seedVeredas
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 32 , Special Issue 3: Seed Innovation Systems for the 21st Century , September 2022 , pp. 157 - 165
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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