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Relationships between compound lipophilicity on seed coat permeability and embryo uptake by soybean and corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2018

Daibin Yang ,
Stephen Donovan ,
Bruce C Black ,
Lailiang Cheng  and
Alan G Taylor
Daibin Yang
Affiliation:
School of Integrated Plant Science, Section of Horticulture, NYSAES, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China
Stephen Donovan
Affiliation:
Agricultural Chemist
Bruce C Black
Affiliation:
Chemical Entomologist
Lailiang Cheng
Affiliation:
School of Integrated Plant Science, Section of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Alan G Taylor*
Affiliation:
School of Integrated Plant Science, Section of Horticulture, NYSAES, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Alan G. Taylor, Email: agt1@cornell.edu
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Abstract

Systemic uptake of organic compounds from roots to leaves follows a Gaussian distribution in relation to the lipophilicity, as measured by the log Kow. Quantification of compound uptake with different lipophilicities, and applied as a seed treatment that diffuses through the seed coat into the embryo during imbibition, has not been reported. The aim of this investigation was to quantify the uptake of non-ionic compounds into seeds of soybean and corn. A series of fluorescent piperonyl amides were synthesized and a novel combinatorial pharmacodynamic technique was developed that provided a range of compounds from log Kow 0.02 to 5.7. Seeds were treated with a mixture of amides, imbibed and compounds chemically extracted and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography using a fluorescence detector. The maximum uptake efficiency of the applied amide mixture from whole soybean and corn seeds was 67% at log Kow 2.9, and 43% at log Kow 3.4, respectively. The critical partition coefficient for uptake for both species was <4.2 log Kow. Seeds were dissected and separated as soybean embryo and testa, and corn internal tissues (embryo + endosperm) or seed covering layers (pericarp + testa), and >75% of the amides were found in the soybean embryo or corn internal tissues compared with the covering layers at log Kow <4.2. The distribution of amides showed that the corn seed covering layer had similar hydrophilic/lipophilic properties as internal tissues, while soybean tissues had different hydrophilic/lipophilic properties. Collectively, the Gaussian uptake pattern for systemic uptake into plants was not found for either seed species.

Keywords

combinatorial pharmacodynamic techniqueFabaceaeGlycine max (L.) Merr.log KowPoaceaesystemic seed treatmentZea mays L
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 28 , Special Issue 3: Seeds as Systems , September 2018 , pp. 229 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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