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Temperature but not moisture response of germination shows phylogenetic constraints while both interact with seed mass and lifespan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2017

Fabien Arène ,
Laurence Affre ,
Aggeliki Doxa  and
Arne Saatkamp
Fabien Arène
Affiliation:
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement (IRD), Université Avignon, Faculté St-Jérôme Case 421, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
Laurence Affre
Affiliation:
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement (IRD), Université Avignon, Faculté St-Jérôme Case 421, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
Aggeliki Doxa
Affiliation:
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement (IRD), Université Avignon, Faculté St-Jérôme Case 421, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
Arne Saatkamp*
Affiliation:
Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut pour la Recherche et le Développement (IRD), Université Avignon, Faculté St-Jérôme Case 421, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France
*
*Correspondence Email: arne.saatkamp@imbe.fr
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Abstract

Understanding how plant traits interact with climate to determine plant niches is decisive for predicting climate change impacts. While lifespan and seed size modify the importance of germination timing, germination traits such as base temperature and base water potential directly translate climatic conditions into germination timing, impacting performance in later life stages. Yet we do not know how base temperature, base water potential, seed mass, lifespan and climate are related. We tested the relationships between base temperature and base water potential for germination, seed size and lifespan while controlling for bioclimatic regions. We also quantified the phylogenetic signal in germination traits and seed size using Pagel's λ. We used a worldwide data set of germination responses to temperature and moisture, seed size and lifespan of 240 seed plants from 49 families. Both germination temperature and moisture are negatively related to seed size. Annual plants show a negative relation between seed size and base water potential, whereas perennials display a negative relation between base temperature and seed mass. Pagel's λ highlighted the slow evolution of base temperature for germination, comparable to seed mass while base water potential was revealed to be labile. In the future, base water potential and seed mass can be used when moisture niches of plants are to be predicted. Lifespan, seed size and base temperature should be taken into account when analysing thermal limits of species distributions.

Keywords

base temperaturebase water potentialgermination traitshydrotimelifespanphylogenetic signalseed sizeseed–plantthermal time
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 27 , Special Issue 2: Seed Ecology , June 2017 , pp. 110 - 120
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Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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