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Imperial Incarcerations: Ekaterina Breshko-Breshkovskaia, Vinayak Savarkar, and the Original Sins of Modernity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Choi Chatterjee
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Abstract

Based on a comparison of the prison experiences of Ekaterina Breshko- Breshkovskaia, member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party of Russia, and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, revolutionary and Hindu fundamentalist, I ask two central questions: How did Breshkovskaia's story about exile and punishment help establish the tsarist genealogy of the gulag in the western consciousness, while the suffering of political prisoners in British India, as exemplified by Savarkar, were completely occluded? How and why did the specificity of incarceration in the Russian empire eclipse systems of punishment designed by other European empires in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? In this article, I argue that the penumbra of modernity was darkened not only by the savagery of the Holocaust and the gulag but also by the brutal violence of western imperialism. Placing the Russian prison and exile system in comparative global perspective opens up new avenues of research in a field that has relied excessively on the intellectual binaries of a repressive Russia and a liberal western Europe.

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Slavic Review , Volume 74 , Issue 4 , Winter 2015 , pp. 850 - 872
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Copyright © Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies. 2015

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References

I would like to thank Kate Brown, Stanley Burstein, Rupa Chakravarti, Robert Edelman, Deborah Field, Lisa Kirschenbaum, Martha Lampland, Afshin Matin-Asgari, Steven Marks, Patrick Patterson, Karen Petrone, David Ransel, Hari Vasudevan, Barbara Walker, and Scott Wells for their excellent suggestions and criticisms. I want to express my special gratitude to Harriet Murav and the reviewers for Slavic Review for helping me sharpen and hone my larger arguments and to Faith Wilson Stein for her masterly editing. Given the limitations of space, I deeply regret the fact that I was unable to cite all the important literature that I read for this essay.

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