Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T10:50:52.917Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Healthy Start: The Use of Welfare Food Vouchers by Low-Income Parents in England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 February 2015

Patricia J Lucas
Affiliation:
School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol E-mail: patricia.lucas@bristol.ac.uk
Tricia Jessiman
Affiliation:
School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol E-mail: tricia.jessiman@bristol.ac.uk
Ailsa Cameron
Affiliation:
School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol E-mail: a.cameron@bristol.ac.uk

Abstract

The Healthy Start scheme provides food welfare to pregnant women and children under four years old in the UK. The Government provides vouchers to families living on a low income that can be exchanged for infant formula, plain cow's milk and fresh or frozen fruit and vegetables. This article reports on a qualitative study of parents using Healthy Start in England. Interviews were conducted with 107 parents from thirteen areas in England. Most found the scheme easy to use, but some vulnerable groups were unable to access the scheme. The vouchers provided a vital source of food at times of crisis, and put purchase of fruit and vegetables within reach for some. Parents reduced stigma by using self-service tills and by only visiting retailers known to accept the vouchers. Healthy Start provides additional protection by sitting outside of other social security benefits. To continue to provide this essential protection, their value should be reviewed and increased.

Type
Themed Section on Hunger, Food and Social Policy in Austerity
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Acheson, D. (1998) Independent Inquiry into Inequalities in Health, Norwich: The Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Bank of England (2014) Inflation Calculator, available at http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/education/Pages/inflation/calculator/flash/default.aspx [Accessed 04.07.14 2014].Google Scholar
Black, A. P., Brimblecombe, J., Eyles, H., Morris, P., Vally, H. and O’ Dea, K. (2012) ‘Food subsidy programs and the health and nutritional status of disadvantaged families in high income countries: a systematic review’, BMC Public Health, 12, 1099.Google Scholar
Chase, E. and Walker, R. (2013) ‘The co-construction of shame in the context of poverty: beyond a threat to the social bond’, Sociology, 47, 4, 739–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterji, P. and Brooks-Gunn, J. (2004) ‘WIC participation, breastfeeding practices, and well-child care among unmarried, low-income mothers’, American Journal of Public Health, 94, 8, 1324–7.Google Scholar
Currie, J. (1994) ‘Welfare and the well-being of children: the relative effectiveness of cash and in-kind transfers’, Tax Policy and the Economy, 8, 143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (2013) Family Food 2012, London: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.Google Scholar
Department for Work and Pensions (2010) Universal Credit: Welfare that Works, cm 7957, Norwich: The Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Department for Work and Pensions (2012) Universal Credit: The Impact on Passported Benefits, report by the Social Security Advisory Committee and response by the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, cm 8332, Norwich: The Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Department of Health (2002a) Healthy Start: Proposals for the Reform of the Welfare Food Scheme, London: Department of Health.Google Scholar
Department of Health (2002b) Scientific Review of the Welfare Food Scheme, London: The Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Department of Health (2010) Healthy Start, Equality Impact Assessment, London: Department of Health.Google Scholar
Department of Health (2013) Delivering a Healthy Start for Pregnant Women, New Mums, Babies and Young Children, London: Department of Health.Google Scholar
Devaney, B. L., Ellwood, M. R. and Love, J. M. (1997) ‘Programs that mitigate the effects of poverty on children’, Future of Children, 7, 2, 88112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dowler, E. (1997) ‘Budgeting for food on a low income in the UK: the case of lone-parent families’, Food Policy, 22, 5, 405–17.Google Scholar
Food and Nutrition Service (2005) Women, Infants and Children, available at http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/ [accessed 13.04.2012].Google Scholar
Ford, F. A., Mouratidou, T., Wademan, S. E. and Fraser, R. B. (2009) ‘Effect of the introduction of “Healthy Start” on dietary behaviour during and after pregnancy: early results from the “before and after” Sheffield study’, British Journal of Nutrition, 101, 1828–36.Google Scholar
Fowles, E. R. and Fowles, S. L. (2008) ‘Healthy eating during pregnancy: determinants and supportive strategies’, Journal of Community Health Nursing, 25, 3, 138–52.Google Scholar
Government Accountability Office (2008) Food Stamp Program: Options for Delivering Financial Incentives to Participants for Purchasing Targeted Foods, Report to the Chairman, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, US Senate, Washington, DC: United States Government Accountability Office.Google Scholar
Gregg, P., Waldfogel, J. and Washbrook, E. (2006) ‘Family expenditures post-welfare reform in the UK: are low-income families starting to catch up?’, Labour Economics, 13, 6, 721–46.Google Scholar
Griffith, R., von Hinke Kessler Scholder, S. and Smith, S. (2014) Getting a Healthy Start? Nudge Versus Economic Incentives, Working Paper No. 14/328, Bristol: The Centre for Market and Public Organisation, University of Bristol.Google Scholar
Hayter, A. K., Draper, A. K., Ohly, H. R., Rees, G. A., Pettinger, C., McGlone, P. and Watt, R. G. (2013) ‘A qualitative study exploring parental accounts of feeding pre-school children in two low-income populations in the UK’, Maternal and Child Nutrition, published on-line before print, doi:10.1111/mcn.12017.Google Scholar
Hoynes, H., Page, M. and Stevens, A. (2011) ‘Can targeted transfers improve birth outcomes? Evidence from the introduction of the WIC program’, Journal of Public Economics, 95, 7–8, 813–27.Google Scholar
Inglis, V., Ball, K. and Crawford, D. (2009) ‘Does modifying the household food budget predict changes in the healthfulness of purchasing choices among low- and high-income women?’, Appetite, 52, 2, 273–9.Google Scholar
Jensen, J. D., Hartmann, H., De Mul, A., Schuit, A., Brug, J. and Consortium, E. (2011) ‘Economic incentives and nutritional behavior of children in the school setting: a systematic review’, Nutrition Reviews, 69, 11, 660–74.Google Scholar
Jessiman, T., Cameron, A., Wiggins, M. and Lucas, P. J. (2013) ‘A qualitative study of uptake of free vitamins in England’, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 98, 8, 587–91.Google Scholar
Khanani, I., Elam, J., Hearn, R., Jones, C. and Maseru, N. (2010) ‘The impact of prenatal WIC participation on infant mortality and racial disparities’, American Journal of Public Health, 100, S1, S204–9.Google Scholar
Lief Benderley, B (2011) A Bargain or a Burden? How Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program Design Affects the Women Who Participate in Them, Washington, DC: RFB Health, The World Bank, http://www.rbfhealth.org/sites/rbf/files/cct%20and%20women.pdf.Google Scholar
Lucas, P., Jessiman, T., Cameron, A., Wiggins, M., Hollingworth, K. and Austerberry, C. (2013) Healthy Start Vouchers Study: The Views and Experiences of Parents, Professionals and Small Retailers in England, http://www.bris.ac.uk/sps/research/projects/completed/2013/finalreport.pdf, Bristol: University of Bristol.Google Scholar
McAndrew, A., Thompson, J., Fellows, L., Large, A., Speed, S. and Renfrew, M. (2012) Infant Feeding Survey 2010, Leeds: The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care.Google Scholar
Ritchie, J. (2003) ‘The application of qualitative methods to social research’, in Ritchie, J. and Lewis, J. (eds.), Qualitative Research Practice, London: Sage, pp. 2446.Google Scholar
Shemilt, I., Harvey, I., Shepstone, L., Swift, L., Reading, R., Mugford, M., Belderson, P., Norris, N., Thoburn, J. and Robinson, J. (2004) ‘A national evaluation of school breakfast clubs: evidence from a cluster randomized controlled trial and an observational analysis’, Child Care, Health and Development, 30, 5, 413–27.Google Scholar
Skafida, V. and Treanor, M. C. (2014) ‘Do changes in objective and subjective family income predict change in children's diets over time? Unique insights using a longitudinal cohort study and fixed effects analysis’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 68, 6, 534–41.Google Scholar
Sutton, E., Pemberton, S., Fahmy, E. and Tamiya, Y. (2014) ‘Stigma, shame and the experience of poverty in Japan and the United Kingdom’, Social Policy and Society, 13, 1, 143–54.Google Scholar
Whaley, S., Richie, L., Spector, P. and Gomez, J. (2012) ‘Revised WIC package improves diets of WIC families’, Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 44, 3, 204–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed