Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-10T13:57:13.588Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Investing in Couple Relationship Education in the UK: A Gender Perspective

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2013

Liz van Acker*
Affiliation:
School of Government and International Relations, Griffith University E-mail: E.vanacker@griffith.edu.au

Abstract

The UK Conservative–Liberal Democratic Coalition government has declared that marriage is imperative for society. This article examines couple relationship education (CRE), which aims to strengthen marriage and relationships. It argues that these programmes have potential because they offer opportunities for women and men to enhance their relationships through adult education that develops relationship skills and knowledge. For CRE to have a population level impact, however, knowledge of how to promote access to services designed for disadvantaged or vulnerable couples is critical. Gender disadvantage interacts with class, ethnicity, age and disability. Advocating marriage per se is too simplistic a solution to the complex problems of couples with diverse needs or low-income earners. If the government is serious about wanting to strengthen relationships and marriage, CRE would be a better investment if it was coordinated with policies and services such as balancing work and family and alleviating problems for low-income families.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, K. (2010) ‘Equal pay for women not likely till 2067, says research’, The Guardian, 19 August.Google Scholar
Amato, P. and Booth, A. (1997) A Generation at Risk: Growing Up in an Era of Family Upheaval, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, S., Brownlie, J. and Given, L. (2009) ‘Therapy culture? Attitudes towards emotional support in Britain’, The British Attitudes Survey, London: Sage.Google Scholar
Butler, D. and Margo, J. (2007) ‘Freedom's orphans: raising youth in a changing world’, in Pearce, N. and Margo, J. (eds.), Politics for a New Generation, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Cabinet Office (2010) The Coalition: Our Programme for Government, London: Cabinet Office.Google Scholar
Callan, S. (2008) Breakthrough New Zealand?, Auckland: Maxim Institute, http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rationshed/message/1508#story0.Google Scholar
Cameron, D. (2008) ‘Stronger families’, Speech to Relate Institute, 9 June.Google Scholar
Carbone, J. and Cahn, N. (2012) ‘Red v. blue marriage’, in Garrison, M. and Scott, E. (eds.), Marriage at the Crossroads: Law, Policy, and the Brave New World of Twenty-first-century Families, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Carroll, J. and Doherty, W. (2003) ‘Evaluating the effectiveness of premarital prevention programs: a meta-analytic review of outcome research’, Family Relations, 52, 2, 105–18.Google Scholar
Centre for Social Justice (2010) Green Paper on the Family, London: Centre for Social Justice.Google Scholar
Chang, Y. and Barrett, H. (2009) Couple Relationships: A Review of the Nature and Effectiveness of Support Services, London: Family and Parenting Institute, London.Google Scholar
Cherlin, A. (2004) ‘The deinstitutionalization of American marriage’, Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 4, 848–61.Google Scholar
Clark, M., Lynas, R. and Percival, D. (2009) Building Strong Foundations: The Case for Couple Relationship Education, Cambridge: Relationships Foundation.Google Scholar
Clulow, C. (2005) ‘Couples and parenting: missing the links?’, Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 20, 3, 265–7.Google Scholar
Coleman, L. (2012) Marriage Preparation in the Catholic Community: An Independent Assessment of Evaluation Data, London: One Plus One.Google Scholar
Coleman, L. and Glenn, F. (2009) When Couples Part: Understanding the Consequences for Adults and Children, London: One Plus One.Google Scholar
Cooke, L. and Baxter, J. (2010) ‘“Families” in international context: comparing institutional effects across western societies’, Journal of Marriage and Families, 72, 3, 516–36.Google Scholar
Coontz, S. (2005) Marriage, A History: From Obedience to Intimacy or How Love Conquered Marriage, New York: Viking.Google Scholar
Cowan, C. P. and Cowan, P. A. (2005) ‘Two central roles for couples relationships: breaking negative intergenerational patterns and enhancing children's adaptation’, Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 20, 3, 275–88.Google Scholar
de Waal, A. (2008) Second Thoughts on the Family, London: Civitas.Google Scholar
Fawcett Society (2013) Equal Pay: The Facts, London: The Fawcett Society.Google Scholar
Gelatt, V., Adler-Baeder, F. and Seeley, J. (2010) ‘An interactive web-based programme for stepfamilies: development and evaluation of efficacy’, Family Relations, 59, 5, 572–86.Google Scholar
Giddens, A. (1992) The Transformation of Intimacy: Sexuality, Love and Eroticism in Modern Society, Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Glenn, F. and Coleman, L. (2009) Relationships and the Recession, iCOR – the online Information Centre on Relationships, London: One Plus One.Google Scholar
Goodman, A. and Greaves, E. (2010) Cohabitation, Marriage and Relationship Stability, London: Economic and Social Research Council, Institute for Fiscal Studies.Google Scholar
Grymes, P. (1996) The Romantic Trap, Kerry, Ireland: Brandon.Google Scholar
Hahlweg, K. and Markman, H. (1988) ‘Effectiveness of behavioural marital therapy: empirical status of behavioural techniques in preventing and alleviating marital distress’, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 3, 440–7.Google Scholar
Halford, W. K. and Snyder, D. K. (2012) ‘Universal processes and common factors in couple therapy and relationship education’, Behaviour Therapy, 43, 1, 112.Google Scholar
Halford, W. K. and van Acker, E. (2012) ‘Are governments and marriage strange bedfellows?’, in Noller, P. and Karantzas, G. (eds.), The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Couples and Family Relationships, London: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Halford, W. K., Markman, H. J. and Stanley, S. M. (2008) ‘Strengthening couple relationships with education: social policy and public health perspectives’, Journal of Family Psychology, 22, 4, 497505.Google Scholar
Halford, W. K., Wilson, K., Watson, B., Verner, T., Larson, J., Busby, D. and Holman, T. (2010) ‘Couple relationship education at home: does skill training enhance relationship assessment and feedback?’, Journal of Family Psychology, 24, 2, 188–96.Google Scholar
Hall, J. (2012) ‘Unemployment at 17-year high’, The Independent, 15 February 2012.Google Scholar
Hansen, K., Joshi, H. and Dex, S. (eds.) (2010) Children of the 21st Century: The First Five Years, Bristol: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Hawkins, A., Stanley, S., Blanchard, V. and Albright, M. (2012) ‘Exploring programmatic moderators of the effectiveness of marriage and relationship education programmes: a meta-analytic study’, Behaviour Therapy, 43, 1, 7787.Google Scholar
HM Government (2012) Social Justice Outcomes Framework, London: HM Government.Google Scholar
Hochchild, A. and Machung, A. (1990) The Second Shift, New York: Avon Books.Google Scholar
Holmes, J. and Kiernan, K. (2010) Fragile Families in the UK: Evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study, York: University of York, http://www.york.ac.uk/media/spsw/documents/research-and-publications/HolmesKiernan2010FragileFamiliesInTheUKMillenniumCohort.pdf (accessed 14 March 2012).Google Scholar
Hughes, B. and Cooke, G. (2007) ‘Children, parenting and families: renewing the progressive story’, in Pearce, N. and Margo, J. (eds.), Politics for a New Generation, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Institute for Public Policy Research (2009) When Times are Tough: Four Families’ Stories, London: IPPR.Google Scholar
Institute for Public Policy Research (2013) Great Expectations: Exploring the Promises of Gender Equality, IPPR: London.Google Scholar
Jenkins, S. (2008) Marital Splits and Income Changes over the Longer Term, Colchester: University of Essex, Institute for Social and Economic Research.Google Scholar
Joseph, R. and Rowlingson, K. (2011) ‘Her house, his pension? The division of assets among (ex-)couples and the role of policy’, Social Policy and Society, 11, 1, 6980.Google Scholar
Kan, M., Sullivan, O. and Gershuny, J. (2011) ‘Gender convergence in domestic work: discerning the effects of interactional and institutional barriers from large-scale data’, Sociology, 45, 2, 234–51.Google Scholar
Kan, M. (2012) ‘Revisiting the “doing gender” hypothesis – housework hours of husbands and wives in the UK’, in McFall, S. (ed.), Understanding Society: Findings 2012, Colchester: University of Essex, Institute for Social and Economic Research.Google Scholar
Kiernan, K. and Mueller, G. (1998) The Divorced and Who Divorces?, CASE Paper 7, London: CASE, http://sticend.lse.ac.uk/dps/case/cp/paper7.pdf.Google Scholar
Kiernan, K., Land, H. and Lewis, J. (2004) Lone Motherhood in the Twentieth Century: From Footnote to Front Page, Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Marso, L. (2010) ‘Marriage and bourgeois respectability’, Politics and Gender, 6, 1, 145–53.Google Scholar
McGinnis, S. (2003) ‘Cohabiting, dating and perceived costs of marriage: a model of marriage entry’, Journal of Marriage and Family, 65, 1, 105–16.Google Scholar
McLanahan, S. and Sandefur, G. (1994) ‘Growing Up With a Single Parent: What Hurts, What Helps’, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
McLanahan, S., Donahue, E. and Haskins, R. (2005) ‘Introducing the issue’, The Future of Children, 15, 2, 312.Google Scholar
Morgan, P. (2007) The War Between the State and the Family: How Government Divides and Impoverishes, London: Institute of Economic Affairs.Google Scholar
O'Connor, J., Orloff, A. and Shaver, S. (1999) States, Markets, Families, Gender, Liberalism and Social Policy in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and the United States, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Office for National Statistics (2012a) ‘Annual survey of hours and earnings, 2012: provisional results’, Statistical Bulletin, Newport: Office for National Statistics.Google Scholar
Office for National Statistics (2012b) Lone Parents with Dependent Children, Newport: Office for National Statistics.Google Scholar
Organisation of Economic and Cooperative Development (2013) Better Life Index, Paris: OECD, http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org/countries/united-kingdom/.Google Scholar
Porter, A. (2011) ‘Tax breaks for married couples, IDS insists “We must end bias against marriage”’, The Telegraph, 2 October, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/conservative/8803013/Tax-breaks-for-married-couples-IDS-insists-We-must-end-bias-against-marriage.html.Google Scholar
Relate (2011) ‘Rate of marriages continues to fall’, press release, 30 March, Relate, London, http://www.relate.org.uk/press/36/index.html (accessed 5 September 2013).Google Scholar
Relationships Foundation (2012) Counting the Cost of Family Failure: 2011 Update, Cambridge: Relationships Foundation.Google Scholar
Shanley, M. (2004) ‘Just marriage: on the public importance of private unions’, in Shanley, M. (ed.), Just Marriage, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shumway, D. (2003) Modern Love: Romance, Intimacy and the Marriage Crisis, New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Smock, P. (2004) ‘The wax and wane of marriage: prospects for marriage in the 21st century’, Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 4, 966–73.Google Scholar
Somerville, J. (2000) Feminism and the Family: Politics and Society in the UK and USA, Basingstoke: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Stanley, K. and Williams, F. (2005) ‘Relationships between parents’, in Stanley, K. (ed.), Daddy Dearest?: Active Fatherhood and Public Policy, London: Institute for Public Policy Research.Google Scholar
Stanley, S., Amato, P., Johnson, C. and Markman, H. (2006) ‘Premarital education, marital quality, and marital stability: findings from a large, random, household survey’, Journal of Family Psychology, 20, 1, 117–26.Google Scholar
Tronto, J. (2004) ‘Marriage: love or care?’, in Shanley, M. (ed.), Just Marriage, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
van Acker, E. (2008) Governments and Marriage Education Policy: Perspectives from the UK, Australia and the US, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
UK Wedding and Belles (2013) ‘Average wedding costs 2013’, http://www.ukweddingbelles.com/weddingmagazine/budgeting.Google Scholar
Walker, J., Barrett, H., Wilson, G. and Chang, Y. (2010) Relationships Matter: Understanding the Needs of Adults (Particularly Parents) Regarding Relationship Support, Newcastle University: Institute of Health and Society.Google Scholar
Wilkins, D. (2013) Try to See it My Way: Improving Relationship Support for Men, London: Men's Health Forum and Relate, http://www.relate.org.uk/userfiles/documents/MensReportWEB.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wintour, P. (2013) ‘Nick Clegg promises to “fill the gap” left by childcare support cuts’, The Guardian, 10 January.Google Scholar