Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-11T01:03:54.914Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Contemporary Study of Pavlovian Conditioning

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2014

Robert A. Rescorla*
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Robert A. Rescorla, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3815 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104.

Abstract

Pavlov's first report on conditioning emphasized its role in allowing the animal to adjust to its environment. Contemporary theories have seen this adjustment in terms of developing accurate knowledge of the environment. Three aspects of that thinking are explored: how the animal acquires initial knowledge, how it changes its knowledge when conditions of the world change, and how it makes use of multiple knowledge representations.

El primer informe de Pavlov sobre el condicionamiento subrayaba su función para la adaptación al ambiente. Las teorías contemporáneas han contemplado esta adaptación en términos del desarrollo de un conocimiento adecuado del medio ambiente. Se exploran tres aspectos de esa línea de pensamiento: cómo el animal adquiere el conocimiento inicial, cómo modifica su conocimiento cuando cambian las condiciones del medio y cómo hace uso de representaciones múltiples del conocimiento.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bouton, M. E. (1984. Differential control by context in the inflation and reinstatement paradigms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 5674.Google Scholar
Bouton, M. E. (1991. Context and retrieval in extinction and in other examples of interference in simple associative learning. In Dachowski, L. W. & Flaherty, C. F. (Eds.), Current topics in animal learning: Brain, emotion, and cognition (pp. 2553). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Delamater, A. R. (1997. Selective reinstatement of stimulus-outcome associations. Animal Learning and Behavior, 25, 400412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holland, P. C. (1977. Conditioned stimulus as a determinant of the form of the Pavlovian conditioned response. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 3, 77104.Google ScholarPubMed
Kamin, L. J. (1968. Attention-like processes in classical conditioning. In Jones, M. R. (Ed.), Miami symposium on the prediction of behavior: Aversive stimuli (pp. 932). Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami Press.Google Scholar
Kim, J. J., Krupa, D. J., & Thompson, R. F. (1998. Inhibitory cerebello-olivary projections and blocking effect in classical conditioning. Science, 279, 570573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konorski, J. (1948. Conditioned reflexes and neuron organization. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lattal, K. M., & Nakajima, S. (1998. Overexpectation in appetitive Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning. Animal Learning and Behavior, 26, 351360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pavlov, I. P. (1928. Lectures on conditioned reflexes. New York: International.Google Scholar
Reberg, D. (1972. Compound tests for excitation in early acquisition and after prolonged extinction of conditioned suppression. Learning and Motivation, 3, 246258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rescorla, R. A. (1996. Preservation of Pavlovian associations through extinction. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 49B, 245258.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A. (2000. Associative changes in excitors and inhibitors differ when they are conditioned in compound. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 26, 428438.Google ScholarPubMed
Rescorla, R. A. (2001. Experimental extinction. In Mowrer, R. R. & Klein, S. B. (Eds.), Handbook of contemporary learning theories (pp. 119154). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A. (in press). Superconditioning from a reduced reinforcer. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Comparative and Physiological Psychology.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A., & Heth, C. D. (1975. Reinstatement of fear to an extinguished stimulus. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 1, 8896.Google Scholar
Rescorla, R. A., & Wagner, A. R. (1972. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. In Black, A. & Prokasy, W. F. (Eds.), Classical conditioning II (pp. 6499). New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Schmajuk, N. A., & Holland, P. C. (1998. Occasion setting: Associative learning and cognition in animals. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultz, W. (1998. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. Journal of Neurophysiology, 80, 127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed